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POModule organization, inheritance, and @classmethods
 

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    <p>I'm trying to write a class that works kind of like the builtins and some of the other "grown-up" Python stuff I've seen. My Pythonic education is a little spotty, classes-wise, and I'm worried I've got it all mixed up. </p> <p>I'd like to create a class that serves as a kind of repository, containing a dictionary of unprocessed files (and their names), and a dictionary of processed files (and their names). I'd like to implement some other (sub?)classes that handle things like opening and processing the files. The file handling classes should be able to update the dictionaries in the main class. I'd also like to be able to directly call the various submodules without having to separately instantiate everything, e.g.:</p> <pre><code>import Pythia p = Pythia() p.FileManager.addFile("/path/to/some/file") </code></pre> <p>or even</p> <pre><code>Pythia.FileManager.addFile("/path/to/some/file") </code></pre> <p>I've been looking around at stuff about <code>@classmethod</code> and <code>super</code> and such, but I can't say I entirely understand it. I'm also beginning to suspect that I might have the whole chain of inheritance backwards--that what I think of as my main class should actually be the child class of the handling and processing classes. I'm also wondering whether this would all work better as a package, but that's a separate, very intimidating issue.</p> <p>Here's my code so far:</p> <pre><code>#!/usr/bin/python import re import os class Pythia(object): def __init__(self): self.raw_files = {} self.parsed_files = {} self.FileManger = FileManager() def listf(self,fname,f): if fname in self.raw_files.keys(): _isRaw = "raw" elif fname in self.parsed_files.keys(): _isRaw = "parsed" else: return "Error: invalid file" print "{} ({}):{}...".format(fname,_isRaw,f[:100]) def listRaw(self,n=None): max = n or len(self.raw_files.items()) for item in self.raw_files.items()[:max]: listf(item[0],item[1]) def listParsed(self,n=None): max = n or len(self.parsed_files.items()) for item in self.parsed_files.items()[:max]: listf(item[0],item[1]) class FileManager(Pythia): def __init__(self): pass def addFile(self,f,name=None,recurse=True,*args): if name: fname = name else: fname = ".".join(os.path.basename(f).split(".")[:-1]) if os.path.exists(f): if not os.path.isdir(f): with open(f) as fil: Pythia.raw_files[fname] = fil.read() else: print "{} seems to be a directory.".format(f) if recurse == False: return "Stopping..." elif recurse == True: print "Recursively navingating directory {}".format(f) addFiles(dir,*args) else: recurse = raw_input("Recursively navigate through directory {}? (Y/n)".format(f)) if recurse[0].lower() == "n": return "Stopping..." else: addFiles(dir,*args) else: print "Error: file or directory not found at {}".format(f) def addFiles(self,directory=None,*args): if directory: self._recursivelyOpen(directory) def argHandler(arg): if isinstance(arg,str): self._recursivelyOpen(arg) elif isinstance(arg,tuple): self.addFile(arg[0],arg[1]) else: print "Warning: {} is not a valid argument...skipping..." pass for arg in args: if not isinstance(arg,(str,dict)): if len(arg) &gt; 2: for subArg in arg: argHandler(subArg) else: argHandler(arg) elif isinstance(arg,dict): for item in arg.items(): argHandler(item) else: argHandler(arg) def _recursivelyOpen(self,f): if os.path.isdir(f): l = [os.path.join(f,x) for x in os.listdir(f) if x[0] != "."] for x in l: _recursivelyOpen(x) else: addFile(f) </code></pre>
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    1. COIf you `import Pythia`, that's a module, not a class. So you can't do `Pythia()`. You could have a class named `Pythia` in the module also named `Pythia`, in which case you could do `Pythia.Pythia()`. But you're better off avoiding the confusion by calling the module `pythia` (as PEP8 suggests).
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    2. COOne more thing: `self.FileManger = FileManager()` is a really bad idea. Naming a class and an instance of that class the same thing is guaranteed to lead to confusion. (If you follow PEP8 as Eevee suggests, this never even comes up—`file_manager` is a reasonable name for a generic `FileManager` instance. But if you don't, you need some other style for naming such things, like Apple-style `aFileManager`.)
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