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POCalculating using array of structs?
 

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    <p>I have been pretty lost on this project that focuses on using array of structures. We just learned about them. I think I get the basics of it after going over some of our labs and looking at related questions:</p> <p><strong>StackOverflow</strong><br> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5526415/trouble-passing-an-array-of-structs">Trouble passing an array of structs</a><br> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/11564336/array-of-pointers-to-structures">array of pointers to structures</a><br> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8570707/how-to-initialize-array-of-structures-with">How to initialize array of structures with?</a><br> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5071410/arrays-in-stuctures">Arrays in stuctures</a><br> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/7239220/creating-an-array-of-structs-in-c">Creating an array of structs in C++</a><br> <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/8534526/how-to-initialize-an-array-of-struct-in-c">How to initialize an array of struct in C++?</a></p> <p><strong>Cplusplus</strong><br> <a href="http://cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/15042/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Declaring an array of structures</a><br> <a href="http://cplusplus.com/forum/beginner/82097/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Array of Structs C++ Program Help</a><br> <a href="http://cplusplus.com/forum/general/5385/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Problem with a Dynamic Array of Structs</a></p> <p>I'd REALLY appreciate any advice or help anyone can give. We are allowed to use this old lab (it was assigned right after we finished this lab and now we are 3 labs past it) as a starting point:</p> <p><strong>Dynamic Arrays</strong></p> <pre><code>// Assignment : Lab // File : Lab.cpp // Description : This program will take a text file called words.txt and then swap // its individual (word)strings. Finally, it will calculate the vowels, consonants, // digits, and special characters in each string. #include &lt;iostream&gt; #include &lt;fstream&gt; #include &lt;iomanip&gt; #include &lt;cstdlib&gt; using namespace std; bool isvowel (char aletter); // const int MAXWORDS = 100; struct worddata { worddata (); string word; int vowels; int consonants; int digits; int specialchars; }; int ReadFile (ifstream &amp; input, worddata * &amp; Words); void WriteReport(ostream &amp; output, worddata Words [], int count); void Swap (worddata &amp; a, worddata &amp; b); void WordSort (worddata W [], int N); int main (int argc, char * argv []) { // Check to see if the user entered a file name // Exit if no file name if (argc &lt; 2) { cout &lt;&lt; "Usage: " &lt;&lt; argv[0] &lt;&lt; " &lt;filename&gt;\n"; exit (1); } // Open the input file ifstream input (argv[1]); if (input.fail()) { cout &lt;&lt; "File: " &lt;&lt; argv[1] &lt;&lt; " not found\n"; exit (2); } // Declare a pointer to an array of worddata objects // to hold the words and their vowel, consonant, digit, and // special character counts. // worddata WordArray [MAXWORDS]; worddata * WordArray; // Call the ReadFile function to read the file, store the // words in the array and return the number of words read // from the file. int count = ReadFile (input, WordArray); // Call the WordSort function to sort the words into // alphabetical order. WordSort (WordArray, count); // Call the WriteReport function to write the data // stored in the array in a formatted fashion. WriteReport (cout, WordArray, count); return 0; } worddata::worddata () { vowels = 0; consonants = 0; digits = 0; specialchars = 0; } int ReadFile (ifstream &amp; input, worddata * &amp; Words) { int count = 0; string oneword; // Read and count the words in the file while (input &gt;&gt; oneword) count++; // Allocate space for the number of words counted by the // previous loop Words = new worddata [count]; // Clear the fail flag input.clear(); // Reposition the file pointer to the beginning of the file input.seekg (0, ios::beg); count = 0; // Read the words from the file into the array while (input &gt;&gt; Words[count].word) { // Count the number of vowels, consonants, digits // and special characters in the word and store them // in the object Words [count] string aword = Words[count].word; // Number of letters in word int l = 0; while (l &lt; aword.length()) { if (isvowel(aword[l])) Words[count].vowels++; else if (isalpha(aword[l])) Words[count].consonants++; else if (isdigit(aword[l])) Words[count].digits++; else Words[count].specialchars++; l++; } count++; } // Close the file input.close (); // Return the size of the Words array return count; } void WriteReport (ostream &amp; output, worddata Words [], int count) { worddata totals; totals.vowels, totals.consonants = 0; totals.digits, totals.specialchars = 0; output &lt;&lt; setw (14) &lt;&lt; left &lt;&lt; "Word"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; right &lt;&lt; "Vowels"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; "Const."; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; "Digits"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; "Special" &lt;&lt; endl;; for(int i = 0; i &lt; count; i++) { output &lt;&lt; setw (14) &lt;&lt; left &lt;&lt; Words[i].word; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; right &lt;&lt; Words[i].vowels; totals.vowels += Words[i].vowels; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; Words[i].consonants; totals.consonants += Words[i].consonants; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; Words[i].digits; totals.digits += Words[i].digits; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; Words[i].specialchars &lt;&lt; endl; totals.specialchars += Words[i].specialchars; } { output &lt;&lt; setw (14) &lt;&lt; left &lt;&lt; " "; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; right &lt;&lt; "---"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; "---"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; "---"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; "---" &lt;&lt; endl; output &lt;&lt; setw (14) &lt;&lt; left &lt;&lt; "Totals"; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; right &lt;&lt; totals.vowels; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; totals.consonants; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; totals.digits; output &lt;&lt; setw (8) &lt;&lt; totals.specialchars &lt;&lt; endl; } } void Swap (worddata &amp; a, worddata &amp; b) { worddata t = a; a = b; b = t; } void WordSort (worddata W [], int N) { int i = 1; while(i &lt; N) { int j = i; while(j &gt; 0 &amp;&amp; W[j].word &lt; W[j-1].word) { Swap(W[j], W[j-1]); j--; } i++; } } // Returns true/false depeninding if a letter in a word is a vowel or not bool isvowel (char aletter) { char upcase = toupper (aletter); if (upcase == 'A' || upcase == 'E' || upcase == 'I' || upcase == 'O' || upcase == 'U') return true; return false; } </code></pre> <p><a href="http://watts.cs.sonoma.edu/cs215s13/Project1.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Project link</a></p> <p><strong>This is what I've managed to write so far without getting lost or it breaking into oblivion</strong></p> <pre><code>#include &lt;iostream&gt; #include &lt;string&gt; #include &lt;iomanip&gt; #include &lt;fstream&gt; #include &lt;vector&gt; #include &lt;sstream&gt; #include &lt;cstdlib&gt; using namespace std; // const int ListSize = 50; struct Assignment { char atype; string date; float received; int possible; string title; }; // functions used by main int ReadFile(ifstream&amp; input, Assignmnent list[], int listSize); void WriteReport(ostream &amp; output, Assignment list [], int numRecords); void Swap (Assignment &amp; a, Assignment &amp; b); void CategorySort (Assignment C [], int N); int main() { // Check to see if the user entered a file name // Exit if no file name if (argc &lt; 2) { cout &lt;&lt; "Usage: " &lt;&lt; argv[0] &lt;&lt; " &lt;filename&gt;\n"; exit (1); } // Open the input file ifstream input (argv[1]); if (input.fail()) { cout &lt;&lt; "File: " &lt;&lt; argv[1] &lt;&lt; " not found\n"; exit (2); } int numRecords = ReadFile(input, Assignmnent list[], int listSize); if(numRecords &gt; ListSize+1) { cout &lt;&lt; "Too Many Records for this program to read" &lt;&lt; endl; system("read"); return -1; } // no records? if(numRecords == 0) { cout &lt;&lt; "Empty File" &lt;&lt; endl; system("read"); return -1; } } </code></pre> <p>I also know that I'll probably be using getline. That's about it. I have a feeling once I have an outline for how I want to approach ReadFile and declare some of these scopes I'll be fine. I am just really cautious and unsure about starting that off. Also, if the prototypes seem strange I based it on a lab I looked at from another class at another school so I have no idea if they work in this context. </p>
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    1. COYou are almost there, aren't you? For using `getline` to read the input line by line, see [here](http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7868936/c-read-file-line-by-line). And inside the loop, you can use the `substr()` of `std::string` to extract the individual values for the elements of the `struct`.
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    2. COYou can bypass all the array-related problems by using an `std::vector<Assignment>`.
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    3. COAnd find another name for `ReadFile` if you ever plan on compiling this on a Windows platform.
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