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    <p>From the link at your point 1:</p> <blockquote> <p>"Low-latency audio</p> <p>Android 4.2 improves support for low-latency audio playback, starting from the improvements made in Android 4.1 release for audio output latency using OpenSL ES, Soundpool and tone generator APIs. These improvements depend on hardware support — devices that offer these low-latency audio features can advertise their support to apps through a hardware feature constant."</p> </blockquote> <p>Your citation in complete form:</p> <blockquote> <p>"Performance</p> <p>As OpenSL ES is a native C API, non-Dalvik application threads which call OpenSL ES have no Dalvik-related overhead such as garbage collection pauses. However, there is no additional performance benefit to the use of OpenSL ES other than this. In particular, use of OpenSL ES does not result in lower audio latency, higher scheduling priority, etc. than what the platform generally provides. On the other hand, as the Android platform and specific device implementations continue to evolve, an OpenSL ES application can expect to benefit from any future system performance improvements."</p> </blockquote> <p>So, the api to comunicate with drivers and then hw is OpenSl (in the same fashion Opengl does with graphics). The earlier versions of Android have a bad design in drivers and/or hw, though. These problems were addressed and corrected with 4.1 and 4.2 versions, so if the hd have the power, you get low latency using OpenSL.</p> <p>Again, from this note from the puredata library website, is evident that the library uses OpenSL itself to achieve low latency:</p> <blockquote> <p>Low latency support for compliant devices The latest version of Pd for Android (as of 12/28/2012) supports low-latency audio for compliant Android devices. When updating your copy, make sure to pull the latest version of both pd-for-android and the libpd submodule from GitHub.</p> <p>At the time of writing, Galaxy Nexus, Nexus 4, and Nexus 10 provide a low-latency track for audio output. In order to hit the low-latency track, an app must use OpenSL, and it must operate at the correct sample rate and buffer size. Those parameters are device dependent (Galaxy Nexus and Nexus 10 operate at 44100Hz, while Nexus 4 operates at 48000Hz; the buffer size is different for each device).</p> <p>As is its wont, Pd for Android papers over all those complexities as much as possible, providing access to the new low-latency features when available while remaining backward compatible with earlier versions of Android. Under the hood, the audio components of Pd for Android will use OpenSL on Android 2.3 and later, while falling back on the old AudioTrack/AudioRecord API in Java on Android 2.2 and earlier.</p> </blockquote>
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