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  1. POImproving soccer simulation algorithm
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    <p>In another question, you helped me to build a simulation algorithm for soccer. <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1427043/soccer-simulation-for-a-game">I got some very good answers there.</a> Thanks again!</p> <p>Now I've coded this algorithm. I would like to improve it and find little mistakes which could be in it. I don't want to discuss how to solve it - as we did in the last question. Now I only want to improve it. Can you help me again please?</p> <ol> <li>Are there any mistakes?</li> <li>Is the structure of the nested if-clauses ok? Could it be improved?</li> <li>Are the tactics integrated correctly according to my description?</li> </ol> <p><strong>Tactical settings which should have an influence on the randomness:</strong></p> <ul> <li>$tactics[x][0] adjustment (1=defensive, 2=neutral, 3=offensive): the higher the value is the weaker is the defense and the stronger is the offense</li> <li>$tactics<a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1427043/soccer-simulation-for-a-game">x</a> speed of play (1=slow, 2=medium, 3=fast): the higher the value is the better are the opportunities but the higher is the risk of getting a quick counter attack</li> <li>$tactics<a href="https://github.com/delight-im/Ballmanager" rel="nofollow noreferrer">x</a> distance of passes (1=short, 2=medium, 3=long): the higher the value is the less but better opportunities you get and the more often you are offside</li> <li>$tactics<a href="https://github.com/delight-im/Ballmanager/blob/master/Website/aa_spieltag_simulation.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">x</a> creation of changes (1=safe, 2=medium, 3=risky): the higher the value is the better are your opportunities but the higher is the risk of getting a quick counter attack</li> <li>$tactics[x][4] pressure in defense (1=low, 2=medium, 3=high): the higher the value is the more quick counter attacks you will have</li> <li>$tactics[x][5] aggressivity (1=low, 2=medium, 3=high): the higher the value is the more attacks you will stop by fouls</li> </ul> <p><strong>Note:</strong> Tactic 0 and tactic 4 are partly integrated in the rest of the engine, not needed in this function.</p> <p><strong>The current algorithm:</strong></p> <pre><code>&lt;?php function tactics_weight($wert) { $neuerWert = $wert*0.1+0.8; return $neuerWert; } function strengths_weight($wert) { $neuerWert = log10($wert+1)+0.35; return $neuerWert; } function Chance_Percent($chance, $universe = 100) { $chance = abs(intval($chance)); $universe = abs(intval($universe)); if (mt_rand(1, $universe) &lt;= $chance) { return true; } return false; } function simulate_attack($teamname_att, $teamname_def, $strength_att, $strength_def) { global $minute, $goals, $_POST, $matchReport, $fouls, $yellowCards, $redCards, $offsides, $shots, $tactics; // input values: attacker's name, defender's name, attacker's strength array, defender's strength array // players' strength values vary from 0.1 to 9.9 $matchReport .= '&lt;p&gt;'.$minute.'\': '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'attack'); $offense_strength = $strength_att['forwards']/$strength_def['defenders']; $defense_strength = $strength_def['defenders']/$strength_att['forwards']; if (Chance_Percent(50*$offense_strength*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][1])/tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][2]))) { // attacking team passes 1st third of opponent's field side $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'advance'); if (Chance_Percent(25*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_def][5]))) { // the defending team fouls the attacking team $fouls[$teamname_def]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'foul'); if (Chance_Percent(43)) { // yellow card for the defending team $yellowCards[$teamname_def]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'yellow'); } elseif (Chance_Percent(3)) { // red card for the defending team $redCards[$teamname_def]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'red'); } // indirect free kick $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'iFreeKick'); if (Chance_Percent(25*strengths_weight($strength_att['forwards']))) { // shot at the goal $shots[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'iFreeKick_shot'); if (Chance_Percent(25/strengths_weight($strength_def['goalkeeper']))) { // attacking team scores $goals[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'shot_score'); } else { // defending goalkeeper saves $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'iFreeKick_shot_save'); } } else { // defending team cleares the ball $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'iFreeKick_clear'); } } elseif (Chance_Percent(17)*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][2])) { // attacking team is caught offside $offsides[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'offside'); } else { // attack isn't interrupted // attack passes the 2nd third of the opponent's field side - good chance $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'advance_further'); if (Chance_Percent(25*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_def][5]))) { // the defending team fouls the attacking team $fouls[$teamname_def]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'foul'); if (Chance_Percent(43)) { // yellow card for the defending team $yellowCards[$teamname_def]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'yellow'); } elseif (Chance_Percent(3)) { // red card for the defending team $redCards[$teamname_def]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'red'); } if (Chance_Percent(19)) { // penalty for the attacking team $shots[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'penalty'); if (Chance_Percent(77)) { // attacking team scores $goals[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'shot_score'); } elseif (Chance_Percent(50)) { // shot misses the goal $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'penalty_miss'); } else { // defending goalkeeper saves $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'penalty_save'); } } else { // direct free kick $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'dFreeKick'); if (Chance_Percent(33*strengths_weight($strength_att['forwards']))) { // shot at the goal $shots[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'dFreeKick_shot'); if (Chance_Percent(33/strengths_weight($strength_def['goalkeeper']))) { // attacking team scores $goals[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'shot_score'); } else { // defending goalkeeper saves $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'dFreeKick_shot_save'); } } else { // defending team cleares the ball $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'dFreeKick_clear'); } } } elseif (Chance_Percent(62*strengths_weight($strength_att['forwards'])*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][2])*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][3]))) { // shot at the goal $shots[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'shot'); if (Chance_Percent(30/strengths_weight($strength_def['goalkeeper']))) { // the attacking team scores $goals[$teamname_att]++; $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_att, 'shot_score'); } else { if (Chance_Percent(50)) { // the defending defenders block the shot $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'shot_block'); } else { // the defending goalkeeper saves $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'shot_save'); } } } else { // attack is stopped $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'stopped'); if (Chance_Percent(15*$defense_strength*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][1])*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][3])*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_def][4]))) { // quick counter attack - playing on the break $strength_att['defenders'] = $strength_att['defenders']*0.8; // weaken the current attacking team's defense $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'quickCounterAttack'); $matchReport .= ' ['.$goals[$_POST['team1']].':'.$goals[$_POST['team2']].']&lt;/p&gt;'; // close comment line return simulate_attack($teamname_def, $teamname_att, $strength_def, $strength_att); // new attack - this one is finished } } } } // attacking team doesn't pass 1st third of opponent's field side elseif (Chance_Percent(15*$defense_strength*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][1])*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_att][3])*tactics_weight($tactics[$teamname_def][4]))) { // attack is stopped // quick counter attack - playing on the break $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'stopped'); $strength_att['defenders'] = $strength_att['defenders']*0.8; // weaken the current attacking team's defense $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'quickCounterAttack'); $matchReport .= ' ['.$goals[$_POST['team1']].':'.$goals[$_POST['team2']].']&lt;/p&gt;'; // close comment line return simulate_attack($teamname_def, $teamname_att, $strength_def, $strength_att); // new attack - this one is finished } else { // ball goes into touch - out of the field $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'throwIn'); if (Chance_Percent(33)) { // if a new chance is created if (Chance_Percent(50)) { // throw-in for the attacking team $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'throwIn_att'); $matchReport .= ' ['.$goals[$_POST['team1']].':'.$goals[$_POST['team2']].']&lt;/p&gt;'; // close comment line return simulate_attack($teamname_att, $teamname_def, $strength_att, $strength_def); // new attack - this one is finished } else { // throw-in for the defending team $matchReport .= ' '.comment_action($teamname_def, 'throwIn_def'); $matchReport .= ' ['.$goals[$_POST['team1']].':'.$goals[$_POST['team2']].']&lt;/p&gt;'; // close comment line return simulate_attack($teamname_def, $teamname_att, $strength_def, $strength_att); // new attack - this one is finished } } } $matchReport .= ' ['.$goals[$_POST['team1']].':'.$goals[$_POST['team2']].']&lt;/p&gt;'; // close comment line return TRUE; // finish the attack } </code></pre> <p><strong>Update (2014):</strong> A few years later, I have now released the full code base of the game as <a href="https://github.com/delight-im/Ballmanager" rel="nofollow noreferrer">open-source on GitHub</a>. You'll find the specific implementation of this simulation <a href="https://github.com/delight-im/Ballmanager/blob/master/Website/aa_spieltag_simulation.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">in this file</a>, if anyone is interested.</p>
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    1. COI'm not sure weather Stackoverflow is the right place to discuss 191 LOC. Especially as you are probably the only one who knows if you're code is 100% semantically correct. Hint: decide for a language, don't mix English and German in your code.
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    2. CO@middus: I'm sorry. I wrote the code in German but I've translated all important parts to English for you. Maybe stupid question: What is "191 LOC"? I thought someone could help me because all necessary data are in the question. Let's see ...
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