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POpython ball physics simulation
 

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    <p>I have seen the great tutorial by Peter Colling Ridge on<br> <a href="http://www.petercollingridge.co.uk/pygame-physics-simulation/" rel="nofollow">http://www.petercollingridge.co.uk/pygame-physics-simulation/</a><br> and I am extending the PyParticles script<br> The code is available on the site(for free), I am using PyParticles4.py</p> <h2>Classes used in the tutorial</h2> <p><strong>The Particle Class</strong><br> Circular 2d objects with radius,mass,velocity,location<br> <strong>The Spring Class</strong><br> A spring that binds 2 objects (Particles) and uses the <a href="https://www.google.co.in/search?q=Hooke%27s%20law" rel="nofollow"><strong>Hooke's law</strong></a> (F = -kx) to determine the interaction between them<br> <strong>The Environment Class</strong><br> The Environment where the Particles interact</p> <p>I was wondering if I could to use 2 Particles and make a 'Rod' class (like the Spring class in the tutorial) that had a specific length and didn't allow the particles to come closer go further than that (specified) length.<br> <strong>Also,</strong><br> Appling a force (when needed) to each Particle such that if one is pulled toward the left, so does the other, but Realistically..<br> Much like if a 2 different types of balls were joined(from the center) using a steel rod, but in 2-d..<br> And I <strong>don't want to use 3rd party modules</strong> </p> <p>Thanks in advance.. </p> <p><strong>EDIT/UPDATE:</strong><br> Tried to apply constraint theorem (it failed)<br> Here's the code: </p> <pre><code>class Rod: def __init__(self, p1, p2, length=50): self.p1 = p1 self.p2 = p2 self.length = length def update(self): 'Updates The Rod and Particles' # Temp store of co-ords of Particles involved x1 = self.p1.x x2 = self.p2.x ###### Same for Y ####### y1 = self.p1.y y2 = self.p2.y # Calculation of d1,d2,d3 and final values (x2,y2) # from currently known values(x1,y1)... # From Constraint algorithm(see @HristoIliev's comment) dx1 = x2 - x1 dy1 = y2 - y1 # the d1, d2, d3 d1 = math.hypot(dx1,dy1) d2 = abs(d1) d3 = (d2-self.length)/d2 x1 = x1 + 0.5*d1*d3 x2 = x2 - 0.5*d1*d3 y1 = y1 + 0.5*d1*d3 y2 = y1 - 0.5*d1*d3 # Reassign next positions self.p1.x = x1 self.p2.x = x2 ###### Same for Y ####### self.p1.y = y1 self.p2.y = y2 </code></pre>
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    1. COWhy don't you just use a very strong spring?
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      1. USDennis Jaheruddin
    2. CONope the objects just keep moving randomly, they don't behave the way I want them to and Python raises an error "OverflowError: Python int too large to convert to C long"
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    3. COHard joints such as rods are holonomic constraints. These are usually treated by special [constraint algorithms](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constraint_algorithm) or by modelling them as infinitely stiff springs and explicitly finding the form of the corrections that have to be applied to an unconstrained system (see [here](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verlet_integration#Constraints) for an example).
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      1. USHristo Iliev
 

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