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    <p>It can be done using ctypes:</p> <pre><code>import ctypes from ctypes import wintypes import time user32 = ctypes.WinDLL('user32', use_last_error=True) INPUT_MOUSE = 0 INPUT_KEYBOARD = 1 INPUT_HARDWARE = 2 KEYEVENTF_EXTENDEDKEY = 0x0001 KEYEVENTF_KEYUP = 0x0002 KEYEVENTF_UNICODE = 0x0004 KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE = 0x0008 MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC = 0 # msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd375731 VK_TAB = 0x09 VK_MENU = 0x12 # C struct definitions wintypes.ULONG_PTR = wintypes.WPARAM class MOUSEINPUT(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = (("dx", wintypes.LONG), ("dy", wintypes.LONG), ("mouseData", wintypes.DWORD), ("dwFlags", wintypes.DWORD), ("time", wintypes.DWORD), ("dwExtraInfo", wintypes.ULONG_PTR)) class KEYBDINPUT(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = (("wVk", wintypes.WORD), ("wScan", wintypes.WORD), ("dwFlags", wintypes.DWORD), ("time", wintypes.DWORD), ("dwExtraInfo", wintypes.ULONG_PTR)) def __init__(self, *args, **kwds): super(KEYBDINPUT, self).__init__(*args, **kwds) # some programs use the scan code even if KEYEVENTF_SCANCODE # isn't set in dwFflags, so attempt to map the correct code. if not self.dwFlags &amp; KEYEVENTF_UNICODE: self.wScan = user32.MapVirtualKeyExW(self.wVk, MAPVK_VK_TO_VSC, 0) class HARDWAREINPUT(ctypes.Structure): _fields_ = (("uMsg", wintypes.DWORD), ("wParamL", wintypes.WORD), ("wParamH", wintypes.WORD)) class INPUT(ctypes.Structure): class _INPUT(ctypes.Union): _fields_ = (("ki", KEYBDINPUT), ("mi", MOUSEINPUT), ("hi", HARDWAREINPUT)) _anonymous_ = ("_input",) _fields_ = (("type", wintypes.DWORD), ("_input", _INPUT)) LPINPUT = ctypes.POINTER(INPUT) def _check_count(result, func, args): if result == 0: raise ctypes.WinError(ctypes.get_last_error()) return args user32.SendInput.errcheck = _check_count user32.SendInput.argtypes = (wintypes.UINT, # nInputs LPINPUT, # pInputs ctypes.c_int) # cbSize # Functions def PressKey(hexKeyCode): x = INPUT(type=INPUT_KEYBOARD, ki=KEYBDINPUT(wVk=hexKeyCode)) user32.SendInput(1, ctypes.byref(x), ctypes.sizeof(x)) def ReleaseKey(hexKeyCode): x = INPUT(type=INPUT_KEYBOARD, ki=KEYBDINPUT(wVk=hexKeyCode, dwFlags=KEYEVENTF_KEYUP)) user32.SendInput(1, ctypes.byref(x), ctypes.sizeof(x)) def AltTab(): """Press Alt+Tab and hold Alt key for 2 seconds in order to see the overlay. """ PressKey(VK_MENU) # Alt PressKey(VK_TAB) # Tab ReleaseKey(VK_TAB) # Tab~ time.sleep(2) ReleaseKey(VK_MENU) # Alt~ if __name__ == "__main__": AltTab() </code></pre> <p><code>hexKeyCode</code> is the virtual keyboard mapping as defined by the Windows API. The list of codes is available on MSDN: <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/dd375731">Virtual-Key Codes (Windows)</a></p>
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