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    <ul> <li><p>You're using MySQL 5.0.77, which was released in January 2009. There have been vast improvements in the performance and scalability of MySQL. You should upgrade to the current version, which is 5.5.28 as of this writing. That alone should give you a lot of performance improvement.</p></li> <li><p>You should analyze your queries to make sure you have well-chosen indexes. This is a crucial step to improving performance. See my presentation <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/billkarwin/how-to-design-indexes-really" rel="nofollow">How to Design Indexes, Really</a> for some tips on how to do this.</p></li> <li><p>InnoDB is almost always a better choice for storage engine than MyISAM in modern versions of MySQL. Always test to be sure, because there are some edge cases where MyISAM may still run faster. Though InnoDB has many more tuning parameters, and it's important to set them well because the defaults are much too low for good performance. You can get some insight for tuning configuration parameters for InnoDB in my presentation <a href="http://www.slideshare.net/billkarwin/mysql-55-guide-to-innodb-status" rel="nofollow">MySQL 5.5 Guide to InnoDB Status</a>.</p></li> <li><p>You should put the database on a dedicated server, separate from your applications. The best single improvement to performance is usually increasing the amount of memory you devote to the <code>innodb_buffer_pool_size</code> (assuming you use InnoDB storage engine).</p></li> <li><p>As @Veseliq suggests, upgrading to an SSD drive for your data directory is a great way to get a boost in performance.</p></li> <li><p>Configure MySQL's <code>tmpdir</code> to use your SSD drive, too.</p></li> <li><p>If you can't get an SSD drive, the next best thing is a RAID controller with a write-back cache.</p></li> <li><p>Set the MySQL configuration <code>skip_name_resolve</code> to eliminate dependency on DNS reverse lookups when applications connect. If you do this, you need to grant SQL privileges by IP address, not by hostname.</p></li> <li><p>Various other Linux tuning improvements:</p> <ul> <li>Use <strong>XFS</strong> filesystem on your data diretory, not the Linux default of ext3.</li> <li>Mount filesystems with <strong>noatime</strong> option.</li> <li>Use the <strong>deadline</strong> disk I/O scheduler, not the Linux default of cfq.</li> </ul></li> </ul>
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