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I have successfully deployed a heavy Rails application to Linode or Digital Ocean, using these technologies: <ul> <li>rbenv for Ruby installation</li> <li>nginx + Passenger for the application server</li> <li>PostgreSQL for the database server</li> <li>Capistrano to automate deploys (configure this first on your dev machine with your server IP and settings, I will not cover it here)</li> </ul> These are the steps that work for me: <h1>Setting up the virtual machine</h1> Create a new virtual machine Follow the setup instructions of your hosting, being Linode or Digital Ocean, to create the node and set it up. Set up date <ul> <li>dpkg-reconfigure tzdata</li> </ul> Update packages <ul> <li>apt-get update</li> <li>apt-get upgrade</li> </ul> <h1>Security</h1> Create user <ul> <li>adduser deploy</li> <li>usermod -a -G sudo deploy</li> <li>logout</li> </ul> Set up SSH key-authentication On local: <ul> <li>ssh-keygen</li> <li>copy the public key: <ul> <li>scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub deploy@example.com:~</li> </ul></li> </ul> On the server: <ul> <li>ssh deploy@example.com</li> <li>enable the alias to list files: <ul> <li>vim ~/.bashrc</li> <li>uncomment all aliases</li> </ul></li> <li>mkdir .ssh</li> <li>mv id_rsa.pub .ssh/authorized_keys</li> <li>chown -R deploy:deploy .ssh</li> <li>chmod 700 .ssh</li> <li>chmod 600 .ssh/authorized_keys</li> <li>logout (test the new authentication)</li> </ul> Set up SSH <ul> <li>sudo vim /etc/ssh/sshd_config</li> <li>Switch PermitRootLogin to no</li> <li>sudo service ssh restart</li> </ul> Set up firewall <ul> <li>sudo iptables -L (it should show a void table)</li> <li>sudo vim /etc/iptables.firewall.rules</li> <li>Paste this: <a href="https://gist.github.com/davidmles/89fc88e48e17cf8252bfca374e46355f#file-iptables-firewall-rules" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://gist.github.com/davidmles/89fc88e48e17cf8252bfca374e46355f#file-iptables-firewall-rules</a></li> <li>sudo iptables-restore < /etc/iptables.firewall.rules</li> <li>sudo iptables -L (now it should show the configured rules)</li> <li>sudo vim /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/firewall</li> <li>Paste this: <a href="https://gist.github.com/davidmles/89fc88e48e17cf8252bfca374e46355f#file-firewall" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://gist.github.com/davidmles/89fc88e48e17cf8252bfca374e46355f#file-firewall</a></li> <li>sudo chmod +x /etc/network/if-pre-up.d/firewall</li> </ul> Set up fail2ban Set up if you have enough free memory, as it tends to eat it. <ul> <li>sudo apt-get install -y fail2ban</li> </ul> <h1>Setup Ruby</h1> Install Git <ul> <li>sudo apt-get install -y git</li> </ul> Install rbenv <ul> <li>git clone <a href="https://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv.git" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/sstephenson/rbenv.git</a> ~/.rbenv</li> <li>echo 'export PATH="$HOME/.rbenv/bin:$PATH"' >> ~/.bashrc</li> <li>echo 'eval "$(rbenv init -)"' >> ~/.bashrc</li> <li>source ~/.bashrc</li> <li>git clone <a href="https://github.com/sstephenson/ruby-build.git" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://github.com/sstephenson/ruby-build.git</a> ~/.rbenv/plugins/ruby-build</li> </ul> Install Ruby <ul> <li>sudo apt-get install -y curl gnupg build-essential</li> <li>rbenv install -l (look for the latest version)</li> <li>rbenv install 2.3.3 (or the latest available version at this moment)</li> <li>rbenv global 2.3.3</li> <li>rbenv rehash</li> <li>vim .gemrc <ul> <li>Paste this: gem: --no-document</li> </ul></li> </ul> <h1>Setup servers</h1> Install nginx + Passenger <ul> <li>Install following the documentation: <ul> <li><a href="https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/nginx/install/oss/jessie/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://www.phusionpassenger.com/library/install/nginx/install/oss/jessie/</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> Install PostgreSQL <ul> <li>Install following the documentation: <ul> <li><a href="https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Apt#PostgreSQL_packages_for_Debian_and_Ubuntu" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://wiki.postgresql.org/wiki/Apt#PostgreSQL_packages_for_Debian_and_Ubuntu</a></li> </ul></li> </ul> <h1>Setup libraries</h1> Install node.js Needed to pre-compile assets. <ul> <li>sudo apt-get install -y nodejs</li> </ul> Install bundler <ul> <li>get install bundler</li> <li>rbenv rehash</li> </ul> <h1>Setup the application</h1> Create the user in PostgreSQL <ul> <li>createuser username --pwprompt</li> <li>createdb -Ousername -Eutf8 db_name</li> <li>Test it: <ul> <li>psql db_name --user username --password</li> </ul></li> </ul> Deploy the code * On the server: * sudo mkdir -p /srv/yoursite.com * sudo chown deploy:deploy /srv/yoursite.com * On your dev machine: * bundle exec cap production deploy:check (it will throw an error because it doesn't find the database) * On the server: * cd /srv/yoursite.com/shared/config * vim database.yml (paste your database config) * vim secrets.yml (paste your secrets config) * On your dev machine: * bundle exec cap production deploy * bundle exec cap production whenever:update_crontab Configure logrotate <ul> <li>Follow this guide: * <a href="https://gorails.com/guides/rotating-rails-production-logs-with-logrotate" rel="nofollow noreferrer">https://gorails.com/guides/rotating-rails-production-logs-with-logrotate</a></li> </ul>
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