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    <p>It assigns the "local" end's port number.</p> <p>For a server socket, this is the ultimate way to go - it is exactly what is needed: have your socket be bound to port 80 for a web server, for example.</p> <p>For a client socket, however, the local address and port is normally not of importance. So you don't <code>bind()</code>. If the server restricts its clients to maybe have a certain port number, or a port number out of a given range, you can use <code>bind()</code> on client side as well.</p> <p>On the other hand, you might as well be able to <code>listen()</code> on a socket where you haven't called <code>bind()</code> (actually I'm not sure about that, but it would make sense). In this scenario, your server port would be random, and the server process would communicate its port via a different means to the client. Imagine a "double-connection" protocol such as FTP, where you have a control connection and a data connection. The port the data connection listens on is completely arbitrary, but must be communicated to the other side. So the "automatically determined port" is used and communicated.</p> <p>One example in Python:</p> <pre><code>import socket s = socket.socket() # create your socket s.listen(10) # call listen without bind s.getsockname() Which random port number did we get? # here results in ('0.0.0.0', 61372) s2 = socket.socket() # create client socket s2.connect(('localhost', 61372)) # connect to the one above s3, x = s.accept() # Python specific use; s3 is our connected socket on the server side s2.getpeername() # gives ('127.0.0.1', 61372) s2.getsockname() # gives ('127.0.0.1', 54663) s3.getsockname() # gives ('127.0.0.1', 61372), the same as s2.getpeername(), for symmetry s3.getpeername() #gives ('127.0.0.1', 54663), the same as s2.getsockname(), for symmetry #test the connection s2.send('hello') print s3.recv(10) </code></pre>
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