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12674708
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2012-10-01T13:57:12.550
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2013-08-23T19:10:38.087
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2017-05-23T10:31:06.357
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text
Body
<h2>"ARRAY ADDRESS AND POINTERS TO MULTIDIMENSIONAL ARRAYS"</h2> Lets we start with 1-D array first: <ul> <li>Declaration <code>char a[8];</code> creates an array of 8 elements. And here <code>a</code> is address of fist element but not address of array. </li> <li><code>char* ptr = a;</code> is correct expression as <code>ptr</code> is pointer to char and can address first element. </li> <li>But the expression <code>ptr = &a</code> is wrong! Because <code>ptr</code> can't address an array.</li> <li>&a means address of array. Really Value of <code>a</code> and <code>&a</code> are same but semantically both are different, One is address of char other is address of array of 8 chars. </li> <li><code>char (*ptr2)[8];</code> Here <code>ptr2 is pointer to an array of 8 chars</code>, And this time <code>ptr2=&a</code> is a valid expression.</li> <li>Data-type of <code>&a</code> is <code>char(*)[8]</code> and type of <code>a</code> is <code>char[8]</code> that simply decays into <code>char*</code> in most operation e.g. <code>char* ptr = a;</code> To understand better read: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15177420/what-does-sizeofarr-return/15177499#15177499">Difference between <code>char *str</code> and <code>char str[]</code> and how both stores in memory?</a> </li> </ul> Second case, <ul> <li>Declaration <code>char aa[8][8];</code> creates a 2-D array of <code>8x8</code> size. </li> <li>Any 2-D array can also be viewed as 1-D array in which each array element is a 1-D array. </li> <li><code>aa</code> is address of first element that is an array of 8 chars. Expression <code>ptr2 = aa</code> is valid and correct. </li> <li>If we declare as follows: <pre><code>char (*ptr3)[8][8]; char ptr3 = &aa; //is a correct expression </code></pre> Similarly, <code>moreThings</code> in your declaration <code>char moreThings[8][8];</code> contain address of fist element that is char array of 8 elements. To understand better read: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17564608/what-does-the-array-name-mean-in-case-of-array-of-char-pointers/17661444#17661444">Difference between <code>char* str[]</code> and <code>char str[][]</code> and how both stores in memory?</a></li> </ul> <hr> It would be interesting to know: <ul> <li><code>morething</code> is an address of 8 char array . </li> <li><code>*morething</code> is an address of first element that is <code>&morething[0][0]</code>. </li> <li><code>&morething</code> is an address of 2-D array of 8 x 8. <blockquote> And address values of all above three are same but semantically all different. </blockquote></li> <li><code>**morething</code> is value of first element that is <code>morething[0][0]</code>. To understand better read: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15177420/what-does-sizeofarr-return/15177499#15177499">Difference between <code>&str</code> and <code>str</code>, when <code>str</code> is declared as <code>char str[10]</code>?</a></li> </ul> Further more, <ul> <li><code>void doThings(char thingsGoHere[8][8])</code> is nothing but void <code>doThings(char (*thingsGoHere)[8])</code> and thus accepts any array that is two dimensional with the second dimension being 8.</li> </ul> <hr> About type of variables in C and C++: (I would like to add in answer) <ul> <li>Nothing is pass by reference in C its C++ concept. If its used in C that means author talking about pointer variable. </li> <li>C supports <code>pass by Address</code> and <code>pass by value</code>. </li> <li>C++ supports <code>Pass by address</code>, <code>pass by value</code> and also <code>pass by Reference</code>. Read: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/17852911/assigning-int-value-to-an-address/17852936#17852936">pointer variables and reference variables</a></li> </ul> At the end, <ul> <li>Name Of an array is constant identifier not variable. </li> </ul>
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1. POArray to pointer decay and passing multidimensional arrays to functions
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1. USGrijesh Chauhan
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