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    <p>You <strong><em>can</em></strong> achieve it in many ways, but i can't be "semantic" without knowing the context (is the image the main/only content of the page? is it in the middle of a blog post?), so i'll go for a <code>div</code>.</p> <hr> <h2>1. <code>position:absolute;</code> + <code>margin:auto;</code></h2> <p><strong>Support</strong>: crossbrowser</p> <p>HTML</p> <pre><code>&lt;html&gt; &lt;body&gt; &lt;div id="container"&gt; &lt;img src="your-image.jpg"&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/body&gt; &lt;/html&gt;​ </code></pre> <p>CSS</p> <pre><code>html,body,#container { height:100%; } #container { width:100%; position:relative; } #container &gt; img { width:100%; max-width:400px; /* real image width */ position:absolute; top:0; left:0; right:0; bottom:0; margin:auto; } </code></pre> <p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/gionaf/4kTDU/"><strong>Demo</strong></a></p> <hr> <h2>2. <code>display:table;</code> + <code>display:table-cell;</code> + <code>vertical-align:middle;</code></h2> <p><strong>Support</strong>: IE8+, all other browsers - with IE7 fallback (<a href="http://www.quirksmode.org/css/display.html#table">Source 1</a>) (<a href="http://caniuse.com/css-table">2</a>) (<a href="http://www.brunildo.org/test/img_center.html">3</a>)</p> <p>HTML</p> <pre><code>&lt;html&gt; &lt;body&gt; &lt;div id="container"&gt; &lt;span&gt; /* it's important that you use a span here not a div, or the IE7 fallback won't work */ &lt;img src="your-image.jpg"&gt; &lt;/span&gt; &lt;/div&gt; &lt;/body&gt; &lt;/html&gt;​ </code></pre> <p>CSS</p> <pre><code>html,body,#container { height:100%; } #container { width:100%; display:table; *display:block; /* IE7 */ } #container &gt; span { display:table-cell; *display:inline-block; /* IE7 */ vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; } #container &gt; span &gt; img { width:100%; max-width:400px; /* real image width */ } </code></pre> <p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/gionaf/9GFXW/"><strong>Demo</strong></a></p> <hr> <h2>3. <code>background-size:contain;</code></h2> <p><strong>Support</strong>: IE9+, all other browsers - with vendor prefixes (<a href="http://www.quirksmode.org/css/background.html#t012">Source 1</a>) (<a href="http://www.css3.info/preview/background-size/">2</a>)</p> <p>HTML</p> <pre><code>&lt;html&gt; &lt;body&gt; &lt;div id="container"&gt;&lt;/div&gt; &lt;/body&gt; &lt;/html&gt;​ </code></pre> <p>CSS</p> <pre><code>html,body,#container { height:100%; } #container { margin:0 auto; max-width:400px; /* real image width */ background:url(your-image.jpg) 50% 50% no-repeat; background-size:contain; } </code></pre> <p><a href="http://jsfiddle.net/gionaf/Yb5Lb/"><strong>Demo</strong></a></p> <hr> <p>Be careful for how IE8 renders <code>height:auto;</code>, may not keep the ratio.</p> <hr> <p>Edit: i just realized that you wrote "<strong><em>without</em></strong> adjusting the aspect ratio of the image". If you really don't want to keep the ratio, it's easier ... but do you really mean that? </p>
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    1. COThanks for these - I am going to try them out. I _do_ want to maintain the aspect ratio. Re: semantics - the image is content, the only content on the page.
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    2. CO@Mike well then, a div will be ok ;-) if them doesn't work, please add your full page code.
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    3. COThanks for your help: got me close enough to the solution which I have now added to the question.
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