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POKeep Getting "Could not find passenger (>=0) amongst" While Passenger
 

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  1. POKeep Getting "Could not find passenger (>=0) amongst" While Passenger
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    <p>I've been debugging this more than one day, and no luck,</p> <p>After I install ruby, gems, and Passenger, I tried to start Passenger, but I keep getting "Could not find passenger":</p> <pre><code>passenger@dragon:/usr/website/myapp/current$ passenger start -p 4000 -e production -d /home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:247:in `to_specs': Could not find passenger (&gt;= 0) amongst [actionmailer-3.2.8, actionmailer-3.2.3, actionpack-3.2.8, actionpack-3.2.3, activemodel-3.2.8, activemodel-3.2.3, activerecord-3.2.8, activerecord-3.2.3, activeresource-3.2.8, activeresource-3.2.3, activesupport-3.2.8, activesupport-3.2.3, arel-3.0.2, bcrypt-ruby-3.0.1, builder-3.0.3, builder-3.0.0, cape-1.4.0, capistrano-2.13.4, coffee-rails-3.2.2, coffee-script-2.2.0, coffee-script-source-1.3.3, devise-2.1.2, devise_ldap_authenticatable-0.6.1, erubis-2.7.0, execjs-1.4.0, guess_html_encoding-0.0.4, high_voltage-1.1.1, highline-1.6.15, hike-1.2.1, i18n-0.6.1, i18n-0.6.0, journey-1.0.4, jquery-rails-2.0.2, jruby-pageant-1.1.1, jsmin-1.0.1, json-1.7.3, libv8-3.3.10.4-x86-linux, mail-2.4.4, mime-types-1.19, mini_magick-3.4, multi_json-1.3.6, net-ldap-0.2.2, net-scp-1.0.4, net-sftp-2.0.5, net-ssh-2.6.0, net-ssh-gateway-1.1.0, nokogiri-1.5.5, orm_adapter-0.4.0, polyglot-0.3.3, rack-1.4.1, rack-cache-1.2, rack-ssl-1.3.2, rack-test-0.6.1, rails-3.2.8, rails-3.2.3, rails-settings-cached-0.2.1, railties-3.2.8, railties-3.2.3, rake-0.9.2.2, rdoc-3.12, ruby-readability-0.5.4, rvm-capistrano-1.2.7, sass-3.1.20, sass-rails-3.2.5, sprockets-2.1.3, sqlite3-1.3.6, subexec-0.2.2, swfobject-rails-1.1.1, therubyracer-0.10.1, thor-0.16.0, thor-0.14.6, tilt-1.3.3, treetop-1.4.10, tzinfo-0.3.33, uglifier-1.2.5, warden-1.2.1] (Gem::LoadError) from /home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/dependency.rb:256:in `to_spec' from /home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems.rb:1231:in `gem' from /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/passenger:18:in `&lt;main&gt;' from /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `eval' from /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby_noexec_wrapper:14:in `&lt;main&gt;' </code></pre> <p>While Passenger gem is installed (I used <code>gem install passenger</code> to install it) as you can see:</p> <pre><code>passenger@dragon:/usr/website/myapp/current$ gem list *** LOCAL GEMS *** actionmailer (3.2.3) actionpack (3.2.3) activemodel (3.2.3) activerecord (3.2.3) activeresource (3.2.3) activesupport (3.2.3) arel (3.0.2) bcrypt-ruby (3.0.1) builder (3.0.0) bundler (1.2.1) cape (1.4.0) capistrano (2.13.4) coffee-rails (3.2.2) coffee-script (2.2.0) coffee-script-source (1.3.3) daemon_controller (1.0.0) devise (2.1.2) devise_ldap_authenticatable (0.6.1) erubis (2.7.0) execjs (1.4.0) fastthread (1.0.7) file-tail (1.0.11) guess_html_encoding (0.0.4) high_voltage (1.1.1) highline (1.6.15) hike (1.2.1) i18n (0.6.0) journey (1.0.4) jquery-rails (2.0.2) jruby-pageant (1.1.1) jsmin (1.0.1) json (1.7.3) libv8 (3.3.10.4 x86-linux) mail (2.4.4) mime-types (1.19) mini_magick (3.4) multi_json (1.3.6) net-ldap (0.2.2) net-scp (1.0.4) net-sftp (2.0.5) net-ssh (2.6.0) net-ssh-gateway (1.1.0) nokogiri (1.5.5) orm_adapter (0.4.0) passenger (3.0.17) polyglot (0.3.3) rack (1.4.1) rack-cache (1.2) rack-ssl (1.3.2) rack-test (0.6.1) rails (3.2.3) rails-settings-cached (0.2.1) railties (3.2.3) rake (0.9.2.2) rdoc (3.12) ruby-readability (0.5.4) rubygems-bundler (1.1.0) rvm (1.11.3.5) rvm-capistrano (1.2.7) sass (3.1.20) sass-rails (3.2.5) sprockets (2.1.3) sqlite3 (1.3.6) subexec (0.2.2) swfobject-rails (1.1.1) therubyracer (0.10.1) thor (0.14.6) tilt (1.3.3) tins (0.5.5) treetop (1.4.10) tzinfo (0.3.33) uglifier (1.2.5) warden (1.2.1) </code></pre> <p>and here is my gem environment:</p> <pre><code>passenger@dragon:/usr/website/myapp/current$ gem env RubyGems Environment: - RUBYGEMS VERSION: 1.8.24 - RUBY VERSION: 1.9.3 (2012-04-20 patchlevel 194) [i686-linux] - INSTALLATION DIRECTORY: /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194 - RUBY EXECUTABLE: /home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby - EXECUTABLE DIRECTORY: /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin - RUBYGEMS PLATFORMS: - ruby - x86-linux - GEM PATHS: - /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194 - /home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global - GEM CONFIGURATION: - :update_sources =&gt; true - :verbose =&gt; true - :benchmark =&gt; false - :backtrace =&gt; false - :bulk_threshold =&gt; 1000 - REMOTE SOURCES: - http://rubygems.org/ </code></pre> <p>and here is the rvm info:</p> <pre><code>passenger@dragon:/usr/website/myapp/current$ rvm info ruby-1.9.3-p194: system: uname: "Linux dragon 3.2.0-26-generic-pae #41-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 14 16:45:14 UTC 2012 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux" bash: "/bin/bash =&gt; GNU bash, version 4.2.24(1)-release (i686-pc-linux-gnu)" zsh: " =&gt; not installed" rvm: version: "rvm 1.15.9 (stable) by Wayne E. Seguin &lt;wayneeseguin@gmail.com&gt;, Michal Papis &lt;mpapis@gmail.com&gt; [https://rvm.io/]" updated: "2 days 23 hours 20 minutes 14 seconds ago" ruby: interpreter: "ruby" version: "1.9.3p194" date: "2012-04-20" platform: "i686-linux" patchlevel: "2012-04-20 revision 35410" full_version: "ruby 1.9.3p194 (2012-04-20 revision 35410) [i686-linux]" homes: gem: "/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194" ruby: "/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194" binaries: ruby: "/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/ruby" irb: "/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/irb" gem: "/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin/gem" rake: "/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin/rake" environment: PATH: "/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin:/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global/bin:/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/bin:/home/passenger/.rvm/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games" GEM_HOME: "/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194" GEM_PATH: "/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194:/home/passenger/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p194@global" MY_RUBY_HOME: "/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194" IRBRC: "/home/passenger/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.3-p194/.irbrc" RUBYOPT: "" gemset: "" </code></pre> <p>And here is the method (Line 247) that throws the error:</p> <pre><code> 1 require "rubygems/requirement" 2 3 ## 4 # The Dependency class holds a Gem name and a Gem::Requirement. 5 6 class Gem::Dependency 7 8 ## 9 # Valid dependency types. 10 #-- 11 # When this list is updated, be sure to change 12 # Gem::Specification::CURRENT_SPECIFICATION_VERSION as well. 13 14 TYPES = [ 15 :development, 16 :runtime, 17 ] 18 19 ## 20 # Dependency name or regular expression. 21 22 attr_accessor :name 23 24 ## 25 # Allows you to force this dependency to be a prerelease. 26 27 attr_writer :prerelease 28 29 ## 30 # Constructs a dependency with +name+ and +requirements+. The last 31 # argument can optionally be the dependency type, which defaults to 32 # &lt;tt&gt;:runtime&lt;/tt&gt;. 33 34 def initialize name, *requirements 35 if Regexp === name then 36 msg = ["NOTE: Dependency.new w/ a regexp is deprecated.", 37 "Dependency.new called from #{Gem.location_of_caller.join(":")}"] 38 warn msg.join("\n") unless Gem::Deprecate.skip 39 end 40 41 type = Symbol === requirements.last ? requirements.pop : :runtime 42 requirements = requirements.first if 1 == requirements.length # unpack 43 44 unless TYPES.include? type 45 raise ArgumentError, "Valid types are #{TYPES.inspect}, " 46 + "not #{type.inspect}" 47 end 48 49 @name = name 50 @requirement = Gem::Requirement.create requirements 51 @type = type 52 @prerelease = false 53 54 # This is for Marshal backwards compatibility. See the comments in 55 # +requirement+ for the dirty details. 56 57 @version_requirements = @requirement 58 end 59 60 ## 61 # A dependency's hash is the XOR of the hashes of +name+, +type+, 62 # and +requirement+. 63 64 def hash # :nodoc: 65 name.hash ^ type.hash ^ requirement.hash 66 end 67 68 def inspect # :nodoc: 69 "&lt;%s type=%p name=%p requirements=%p&gt;" % 70 [self.class, self.type, self.name, requirement.to_s] 71 end 72 73 ## 74 # Does this dependency require a prerelease? 75 76 def prerelease? 77 @prerelease || requirement.prerelease? 78 end 79 80 def pretty_print q # :nodoc: 81 q.group 1, 'Gem::Dependency.new(', ')' do 82 q.pp name 83 q.text ',' 84 q.breakable 85 86 q.pp requirement 87 88 q.text ',' 89 q.breakable 90 91 q.pp type 92 end 93 end 94 95 ## 96 # What does this dependency require? 97 98 def requirement 99 return @requirement if defined?(@requirement) and @requirement 100 101 # @version_requirements and @version_requirement are legacy ivar 102 # names, and supported here because older gems need to keep 103 # working and Dependency doesn't implement marshal_dump and 104 # marshal_load. In a happier world, this would be an 105 # attr_accessor. The horrifying instance_variable_get you see 106 # below is also the legacy of some old restructurings. 107 # 108 # Note also that because of backwards compatibility (loading new 109 # gems in an old RubyGems installation), we can't add explicit 110 # marshaling to this class until we want to make a big 111 # break. Maybe 2.0. 112 # 113 # Children, define explicit marshal and unmarshal behavior for 114 # public classes. Marshal formats are part of your public API. 115 116 if defined?(@version_requirement) &amp;&amp; @version_requirement 117 version = @version_requirement.instance_variable_get :@version 118 @version_requirement = nil 119 @version_requirements = Gem::Requirement.new version 120 end 121 122 @requirement = @version_requirements if defined?(@version_requirements) 123 end 124 125 def requirements_list 126 requirement.as_list 127 end 128 129 def to_s # :nodoc: 130 if type != :runtime then 131 "#{name} (#{requirement}, #{type})" 132 else 133 "#{name} (#{requirement})" 134 end 135 end 136 137 ## 138 # Dependency type. 139 140 def type 141 @type ||= :runtime 142 end 143 144 def == other # :nodoc: 145 Gem::Dependency === other &amp;&amp; 146 self.name == other.name &amp;&amp; 147 self.type == other.type &amp;&amp; 148 self.requirement == other.requirement 149 end 150 151 ## 152 # Dependencies are ordered by name. 153 154 def &lt;=&gt; other 155 self.name &lt;=&gt; other.name 156 end 157 158 ## 159 # Uses this dependency as a pattern to compare to +other+. This 160 # dependency will match if the name matches the other's name, and 161 # other has only an equal version requirement that satisfies this 162 # dependency. 163 164 def =~ other 165 unless Gem::Dependency === other 166 return unless other.respond_to?(:name) &amp;&amp; other.respond_to?(:version) 167 other = Gem::Dependency.new other.name, other.version 168 end 169 170 return false unless name === other.name 171 172 reqs = other.requirement.requirements 173 174 return false unless reqs.length == 1 175 return false unless reqs.first.first == '=' 176 177 version = reqs.first.last 178 179 requirement.satisfied_by? version 180 end 181 182 def match? name, version 183 return false unless self.name === name 184 return true if requirement.none? 185 186 requirement.satisfied_by? Gem::Version.new(version) 187 end 188 189 def matches_spec? spec 190 return false unless name === spec.name 191 return true if requirement.none? 192 193 requirement.satisfied_by?(spec.version) 194 end 195 196 ## 197 # Merges the requirements of +other+ into this dependency 198 199 def merge other 200 unless name == other.name then 201 raise ArgumentError, 202 "#{self} and #{other} have different names" 203 end 204 205 default = Gem::Requirement.default 206 self_req = self.requirement 207 other_req = other.requirement 208 209 return self.class.new name, self_req if other_req == default 210 return self.class.new name, other_req if self_req == default 211 212 self.class.new name, self_req.as_list.concat(other_req.as_list) 213 end 214 215 def matching_specs platform_only = false 216 matches = Gem::Specification.find_all { |spec| 217 self.name === spec.name and # TODO: == instead of === 218 requirement.satisfied_by? spec.version 219 } 220 221 if platform_only 222 matches.reject! { |spec| 223 not Gem::Platform.match spec.platform 224 } 225 end 226 227 matches = matches.sort_by { |s| s.sort_obj } # HACK: shouldn't be needed 228 end 229 230 ## 231 # True if the dependency will not always match the latest version. 232 233 def specific? 234 @requirement.specific? 235 end 236 237 def to_specs 238 matches = matching_specs true 239 240 # TODO: check Gem.activated_spec[self.name] in case matches falls outside 241 242 if matches.empty? then 243 specs = Gem::Specification.all_names.join ", " 244 error = Gem::LoadError.new "Could not find #{name} (#{requirement}) amongst [#{specs}]" 245 error.name = self.name 246 error.requirement = self.requirement 247 raise error 248 end 249 250 # TODO: any other resolver validations should go here 251 252 matches 253 end 254 255 def to_spec 256 matches = self.to_specs 257 258 matches.find { |spec| spec.activated? } or matches.last 259 end 260 end </code></pre>
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    1. COAre there any other gems missing from that "amongst" list? Can you find the source code for the place where the exception happens (rubygems/dependency.rb:256) and figure out where it's getting its list of gems and why it's different from "gem list"?
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    2. CO@Hew, I added the file that throws the error.
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      1. USPeter Lee
    3. CO@Hew, yes, there are several gems missing from that "amongst".
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      1. USPeter Lee
 

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