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    <p>The Scientific Method always applies-- check your assumptions first. If the systems are different, the problem might reside in some sort of implicit default being different, or a different implementation of some function. </p> <p>In all debugging processes, localization is the key. You gotta isolate the area of the problem first. If your OS, patches, libraries, and the main software itself are all identical, then it's probably the system settings (limits for sockets, file descriptors, etc). If you know you have enough inodes, space and memory left, then it's not a resource issue. If the computer is barely responsive to your interactive prodding, your load is too high, or you have some runaway processes. Remember what every process needs to run, and make sure they got what they need.</p> <p>It can be also code just can't deal with the load of the production system. Locking mechanisms are a very popular cause of problem in production vs dev/test systems, simply because you can't generate enough of test cases that you get for free in production. </p> <p>Logging can be easily overlooked, but I also like to add a lot of debug values into the code, to make debugging easier. I cannot even count how many times some environment variable, path, or broken symlink have ruined my day, just to realize that it would be a trivial fix if I looked at the values of variables while running, not just looking at the static code.</p> <p>If all else fails, <code>ltrace</code> and <code>strace</code> are the best way to really look at what's going on under the hood. They're not easy to read, but once you get used to how spot and interpret return values of some syscalls, you gain a very powerful debugging tool.</p>
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