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    <p>This question is all about definitions, so let's define the terms properly. First, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assembly_language">assembly language</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p>Assembly language is a low-level programming language for computers, microprocessors, microcontrollers, and other programmable devices in which each statement corresponds to a single machine language instruction. An assembly language is specific to a certain computer architecture, in contrast to most high-level programming languages, which generally are portable to multiple systems.</p> </blockquote> <p>Now, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Intermediate_Language">CIL</a>:</p> <blockquote> <p>Common Intermediate Language is the lowest-level human-readable programming language defined by the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) specification and is used by the .NET Framework and Mono. Languages which target a CLI-compatible runtime environment compile to CIL, which is assembled into an object code that has a bytecode-style format.</p> </blockquote> <p>Okay, this part is technically not correct: for example C# compiler compiles directly to the bytecode, it doesn't go through CIL (the human-readable language), but theoretically, we can imagine that's what's happening.</p> <p>With these two definitions, CIL <em>is</em> an assembly language, because each statement in it is compiled down to a single bytecode instruction. The fact that there is no physical computer that can execute that bytecode directly doesn't matter.</p> <p>The definition says that each assembly language is “specific to a certain computer architecture”. In this case, the architecture is the CLR virtual machine.</p> <p>About JIT: the JIT compiler can't be considered an assembler: it doesn't do the 1:1 translation from human-readable form to bytecode, <code>ilasm</code> does that.</p>
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    1. POIs CIL an assembly language and JIT an assembler
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    1. COVirtual machines perform the JIT compile to specific machine instructions (x86, x64, ia64, etc).
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    2. CO@PeterRitchie Yeah, so?
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    3. COPart of the OPs question asked about the JIT.
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