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    <p>1 - <strong>Binding and listening on a socket</strong></p> <p>Looks fine to me. Your code will bind the socket only to one IP address though. If you simply want to listen on any IP address/network interface, use <code>IPAddress.Any</code>:</p> <pre><code>serverSocket.Bind(new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Any, 4444)); </code></pre> <p>To be future proof, you may want to support IPv6. To listen on any IPv6 address, use <code>IPAddress.IPv6Any</code> in place of <code>IPAddress.Any</code>.</p> <p>Note that you cannot listen on any IPv4 and any IPv6 address at the same time, except if you use a <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb513665(VS.85).aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Dual-Stack Socket</a>. This will require you to unset the <code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> socket option:</p> <pre><code>serverSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IPv6, (SocketOptionName)27, 0); </code></pre> <p>To enable <a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/network/cc917486.aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Teredo</a> with your socket, you need to set the <code>PROTECTION_LEVEL_UNRESTRICTED</code> socket option:</p> <pre><code>serverSocket.SetSocketOption(SocketOptionLevel.IPv6, (SocketOptionName)23, 10); </code></pre> <p>2 - <strong>Receiving data</strong></p> <p>I'd recommend using a <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.sockets.networkstream.aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>NetworkStream</code></a> which wraps the socket in a <code>Stream</code> instead of reading the chunks manually.</p> <p>Reading a fixed number of bytes is a bit awkward though:</p> <pre><code>using (var stream = new NetworkStream(serverSocket)) { var buffer = new byte[MaxMessageLength]; while (true) { int type = stream.ReadByte(); if (type == BYE) break; int length = stream.ReadByte(); int offset = 0; do offset += stream.Read(buffer, offset, length - offset); while (offset &lt; length); ProcessMessage(type, buffer, 0, length); } } </code></pre> <p>Where <code>NetworkStream</code> really shines is that you can use it like any other <code>Stream</code>. If security is important, simply wrap the <code>NetworkStream</code> in a <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.net.security.sslstream.aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>SslStream</code></a> to authenticate the server and (optionally) the clients with X.509 certificates. Compression works the same way.</p> <pre><code>var sslStream = new SslStream(stream, false); sslStream.AuthenticateAsServer(serverCertificate, false, SslProtocols.Tls, true); // receive/send data SSL secured </code></pre> <p>3 - <strong>Sending data and specifying the data length</strong></p> <p>Your approach should work, although you probably may not want to go down the road to reinventing the wheel and design a new protocol for this. Have a look at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BEEP" rel="nofollow noreferrer">BEEP</a> or maybe even something simple like <a href="http://code.google.com/p/protobuf-net/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">protobuf</a>.</p> <p>Depending on your goals, it might be worth thinking about choosing an abstraction above sockets like WCF or some other RPC mechanism.</p> <p>4/5/6 - <strong>Closing &amp; Unknown disconnections</strong></p> <p>What <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1162950/getting-started-with-socket-programming-in-c-best-practices/1163105#1163105">jerryjvl</a> said :-) The only reliable detection mechanism are pings or sending keep-alives when the connection is idle.</p> <p>While you have to deal with unknown disconnections in any case, I'd personally keep some protocol element in to close a connection in mutual agreement instead of just closing it without warning.</p>
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    1. POGetting started with socket programming in C# - Best practices
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    1. COAltho it cannot hurt, I've found that in practice focusing on robust recovery from the unexpected works better than 'graceful disconnection' messages... YMMV :)
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    2. COGreat post. Thanks. Do you have more information about using NetworkStream? Any links would do.
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    3. COLink and example added to answer.
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