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    <p>You want to make it easy for yourself (and potentially other users) to understand what your code is doing, and what you are thinking when you wrote it. Imagine asking for help, imagine outputting debug code or imagine returning to fix a bug 12 months after you last touched the code. Which will be the best and fastest for you/others to understand?</p> <p>If your code requires that you "For each year, display the data" then the first is more logical. If your thinking is "I need to gather all the measures together, then I'll process those" then go for the second option. If you need to re-order by year, then go the first.</p> <p>Based on your example above, though the way I'd handle the above is probably:</p> <pre><code>$array[$year][$month] = $measure; </code></pre> <p>You don't need a specific "measure" element. Or if you do have two elements per month:</p> <pre><code>$array[$year][$month] = array('measure' =&gt; $measure, 'value'=&gt;$value); or $array[$year][$month]['measure'] = $measure; $array[$year][$month]['value'] = $value; </code></pre> <p>Then you can go:</p> <pre><code>for($year = $minYear; $year &lt;= $maxYear; $year++) { // Or "foreach" if consecutive for ($month = 1; $month &lt;= 12; $month++) { if (isset($array[$year][$month])) { echo $array[$year][$month]['measure']; // You can also check these exist using isset if required echo $array[$year][$month]['value']; } else { echo 'No value specified' } } } </code></pre> <p>Hope that helps with your thinking. </p>
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    1. COYes, it both helps and confirms what I am thinking. I am hoping that I do generate a few other replies to make sure that everyone is thinking the same way about arrays. I have been doing a bit of prototyping at work and I am sure that my code will be reviewed by the dev teams, so I want to make it as painless as possible. Thank you.
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    2. COHey there, thank you for sharing your insight into this for me. Along with all the other great answers, your insight has given me a much much better picture of how I will be working from now on. Sadly this question was closed due to being non-constructive :(
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