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    <p>With a not too old compiler supporting a reasonably recent C standard (probably C99, perhaps even earlier) you should have a <a href="http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/C_Programming/C_Reference/stdint.h" rel="nofollow"><code>&lt;stdint.h&gt;</code></a> header giving you a type like <code>int64_t</code> (for a signed 64 bits integer) or <code>uint64_t</code> (for an unsigned 64 bits integer) which is exactly 64 bits, even on 32 bits machine.</p> <p>If your compiler don't have it, I strongly suggest to upgrade your compiler. You could probably use <a href="http://gcc.gnu.org/" rel="nofollow">GCC</a> (except if you have a very strange target architecture, unsupported by GCC). Latest GCC version is 4.7.</p> <p>Notice that 64 bits arithmetic on 32 bits machines needs in practice some compiler support to be reasonably efficient. (e.g. to use add with carry instructions). It can't be done only thru a library, even if a library is required to supply the most complex operations (e.g. 64 bits divisions on 32 bits machines). In other words, fast 64 bits arithmetic can't be portably coded in C for a 32 bits machine.</p> <p>For much bigger numbers, consider using arbitrary precision numbers (called <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bigint" rel="nofollow">bigints</a>), e.g. thru the GNU <a href="http://gmplib.org/" rel="nofollow">gmp</a> library. Such libraries uses non-trivial algorithms (so even the math is quite difficult, you can read entire books on them and earn a PhD by inventing a competitive bigint implementation).</p>
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