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    <p><code>userPrincipalName</code> uniqueness is not enforced by Active Directory. It's the applications which create the user object or modify the <code>userPrincipalName</code> responsible for making sure it's unique across the forest. If Active Directory detects there is more than one user object with the same <code>userPrincipalName</code> assgined, the user will be unable to logon using that <code>userPrincpialName</code>. Check out this <a href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/251359" rel="nofollow">Microsoft KB</a> for details.</p> <p>There are a lot of reasons that you can receive a LDAP reference result. One common reason is that there are some child domains under a parent domain and you are trying to do a subtree search starting from a parent domain.</p> <p>The domain controller from parent domain cannot provide a complete answer to your query because some of the directory partitions are being taken care by the domain controllers of the child domains. Therefore, it returns you some <code>Subordinate References</code>. It hints the client to follow the reference and get the complete result. For a complete list of reference result, you can check <a href="http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc978014.aspx" rel="nofollow">here</a></p> <p>If I understand your question correctly, you run a LDAP query based on the <code>userPrincipalName</code> and already got one entry back from the parent domain. You are asking whether you should stop the query or you should follow the reference and continue the query. I would say you should always follow the reference and continue the query. If you find more than one user object with the same <code>userPrincipalName</code>, you probably want to handle the case properly. For example, like what Windows did, stop the user from logging on or give a warning message somewhere.</p>
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    1. POWhen using Active Directory, can a user's entry be split across several controllers?
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    1. USHarvey Kwok
    1. USHarvey Kwok
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    1. POWhen using Active Directory, can a user's entry be split across several controllers?
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    1. COHarvey - great answer. I have come to the conclusion that the AD setup is messed up. The referral link you pointed to says ( first sentence of the 2nd paragraph) that a referral is the controller's way of saying it doesn't have the requested entry, but thinks it knows where it is. In my case, it does have the entry and it gives me a referral. This seems to contradict the article. The dual update case is not applicable to this specific instance, but I will have to keep it in mind. Thanks!
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      1. USNo One in Particular
 

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