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    <p>If you're looking into writing stand-alone DSLs, then you're looking into building compilers--no way around it. Compiler construction <em>is</em> essential programming knowledge, and it's really not as difficult as commonly thought. Steve Yegge's <a href="http://steve-yegge.blogspot.com/2007/06/rich-programmer-food.html" rel="noreferrer">Righ Programmer Food</a> summarizes the value of knowing how to build compilers quite nicely.</p> <p>There are plenty of ways to get started. I recommend checking out the 2 papers mentioned in the article: <a href="http://prog21.dadgum.com/30.html" rel="noreferrer">Want to write a compiler? Just read these Two papers</a>. The first one, <a href="http://compilers.iecc.com/crenshaw/" rel="noreferrer">Let's build a compiler</a>, is very accessible. It uses Turbo Pascal as an implementation language, but you can easily implement it in any other language--the source code is very clear. Pascal is a simple language.</p> <p>Once you get a good feel for how things work and the terminology involved, I recommend delving into something like <a href="http://www.antlr.org" rel="noreferrer">ANTLR</a>. ANTLR has a nice IDE, <a href="http://www.antlr.org/works/index.html" rel="noreferrer">ANTLRWorks</a>, that comes with an interpreter and a debugger. It also produces really really good visualizations of your grammars on the fly. I found it invaluable in learning.</p> <p>ANTLR has several good tutorials, although they might be a bit overwhelming at first. <a href="http://javadude.com/articles/antlrtut/" rel="noreferrer">This one</a> is nice, although it's against ANTLR 2.0, so you might run into incompatibilities with a more recent version (currently the latest is 3.1).</p> <p>Finally, there's another approach to DSLs: The Lisp approach. Given Lisp's syntax-less nature (your code is basically abstract syntax trees), you can shape endless languages out of it, provided you get used to the parentheses :).</p> <p>If you do go with that approach, you want to use an embeddable Lisp. Under Java, you have <a href="http://clojure.org/" rel="noreferrer">Clojure</a>, a Lisp dialect that interoperates flawlessly with JVM and its libraries. I haven't used it personally, but it looks good. For Scheme, there's GNU <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/" rel="noreferrer">Guile</a>, which is <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/guile/docs/docs-1.8/guile-ref/Guile-License.html" rel="noreferrer">licensed under LGPL</a>. For Common Lisp, there's <a href="http://ecls.sourceforge.net/" rel="noreferrer">ECL</a>, also under the LGPL. Both use a C interface for interoperability, so you can pretty much embed them into any other language. ECL is unique among Lisps in that each Lisp function is implemented as a C function, so you can write Lisp code in C if you want to (say, inside your own extensions methods--you can create C functions that operate on Lisp objects, and then call them from Lisp). I've been using ECL for a side-project of mine for a while, and I like it. The maintainer is quite active and responsive.</p>
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    1. POBuilding effective external DSLs
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    1. USMuhammad Haggag
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    1. COYou're not helping me here. hahah I've messed with ANTLR before and I know it's capabilities, but I was hoping for something not quite so sophisticated/complicated. I guess I'll have to give it another look.
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