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POPHP - Class declarations may not be nested
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I have a project in cakephp, when I call a vendor for decrypting a string using AES, I get the error: <pre><code>Fatal error: Class declarations may not be nested in /var/www/html/myproject/cake/libs/log/file_log.php on line 30 </code></pre> This is the code in my controller: <pre><code>App::import('vendor', 'aes', array('file' => 'AES/AES.php')); $aes = new AesCtr(); $decrypted = $aes->decrypt($encrypted, "mykey", 128); </code></pre> And this is part of the vendor (one single file called AES.php): <pre><code>class Aes { //....Methods } class AesCtr extends Aes { public static function decrypt($ciphertext, $password, $nBits) { //....Method Logic } //....Other methods } </code></pre> I've read the explanation given here: <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2608432/php-nested-classes-work-sort-of">PHP Nested classes work... sort of?</a> but I have no much experience in PHP and wasn't able to solve this issue by the "hacky way" that they showed. Any help is appreciated. If more info is needed, please tell me. UPDATE Classes Aes and AesCtr (both are in file AES.php). <pre><code><?php /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ /* AES implementation in PHP */ /* (c) Chris Veness 2005-2011 www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts */ /* Right of free use is granted for all commercial or non-commercial use providing this */ /* copyright notice is retainded. No warranty of any form is offered. */ /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ class Aes { /** * AES Cipher function: encrypt 'input' with Rijndael algorithm * * @param input message as byte-array (16 bytes) * @param w key schedule as 2D byte-array (Nr+1 x Nb bytes) - * generated from the cipher key by keyExpansion() * @return ciphertext as byte-array (16 bytes) */ public static function cipher($input, $w) { // main cipher function [§5.1] $Nb = 4; // block size (in words): no of columns in state (fixed at 4 for AES) $Nr = count($w)/$Nb - 1; // no of rounds: 10/12/14 for 128/192/256-bit keys $state = array(); // initialise 4xNb byte-array 'state' with input [§3.4] for ($i=0; $i<4*$Nb; $i++) $state[$i%4][floor($i/4)] = $input[$i]; $state = self::addRoundKey($state, $w, 0, $Nb); for ($round=1; $round<$Nr; $round++) { // apply Nr rounds $state = self::subBytes($state, $Nb); $state = self::shiftRows($state, $Nb); $state = self::mixColumns($state, $Nb); $state = self::addRoundKey($state, $w, $round, $Nb); } $state = self::subBytes($state, $Nb); $state = self::shiftRows($state, $Nb); $state = self::addRoundKey($state, $w, $Nr, $Nb); $output = array(4*$Nb); // convert state to 1-d array before returning [§3.4] for ($i=0; $i<4*$Nb; $i++) $output[$i] = $state[$i%4][floor($i/4)]; return $output; } private static function addRoundKey($state, $w, $rnd, $Nb) { // xor Round Key into state S [§5.1.4] for ($r=0; $r<4; $r++) { for ($c=0; $c<$Nb; $c++) $state[$r][$c] ^= $w[$rnd*4+$c][$r]; } return $state; } private static function subBytes($s, $Nb) { // apply SBox to state S [§5.1.1] for ($r=0; $r<4; $r++) { for ($c=0; $c<$Nb; $c++) $s[$r][$c] = self::$sBox[$s[$r][$c]]; } return $s; } private static function shiftRows($s, $Nb) { // shift row r of state S left by r bytes [§5.1.2] $t = array(4); for ($r=1; $r<4; $r++) { for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) $t[$c] = $s[$r][($c+$r)%$Nb]; // shift into temp copy for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) $s[$r][$c] = $t[$c]; // and copy back } // note that this will work for Nb=4,5,6, but not 7,8 (always 4 for AES): return $s; // see fp.gladman.plus.com/cryptography_technology/rijndael/aes.spec.311.pdf } private static function mixColumns($s, $Nb) { // combine bytes of each col of state S [§5.1.3] for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) { $a = array(4); // 'a' is a copy of the current column from 's' $b = array(4); // 'b' is a•{02} in GF(2^8) for ($i=0; $i<4; $i++) { $a[$i] = $s[$i][$c]; $b[$i] = $s[$i][$c]&0x80 ? $s[$i][$c]<<1 ^ 0x011b : $s[$i][$c]<<1; } // a[n] ^ b[n] is a•{03} in GF(2^8) $s[0][$c] = $b[0] ^ $a[1] ^ $b[1] ^ $a[2] ^ $a[3]; // 2*a0 + 3*a1 + a2 + a3 $s[1][$c] = $a[0] ^ $b[1] ^ $a[2] ^ $b[2] ^ $a[3]; // a0 * 2*a1 + 3*a2 + a3 $s[2][$c] = $a[0] ^ $a[1] ^ $b[2] ^ $a[3] ^ $b[3]; // a0 + a1 + 2*a2 + 3*a3 $s[3][$c] = $a[0] ^ $b[0] ^ $a[1] ^ $a[2] ^ $b[3]; // 3*a0 + a1 + a2 + 2*a3 } return $s; } /** * Key expansion for Rijndael cipher(): performs key expansion on cipher key * to generate a key schedule * * @param key cipher key byte-array (16 bytes) * @return key schedule as 2D byte-array (Nr+1 x Nb bytes) */ public static function keyExpansion($key) { // generate Key Schedule from Cipher Key [§5.2] $Nb = 4; // block size (in words): no of columns in state (fixed at 4 for AES) $Nk = count($key)/4; // key length (in words): 4/6/8 for 128/192/256-bit keys $Nr = $Nk + 6; // no of rounds: 10/12/14 for 128/192/256-bit keys $w = array(); $temp = array(); for ($i=0; $i<$Nk; $i++) { $r = array($key[4*$i], $key[4*$i+1], $key[4*$i+2], $key[4*$i+3]); $w[$i] = $r; } for ($i=$Nk; $i<($Nb*($Nr+1)); $i++) { $w[$i] = array(); for ($t=0; $t<4; $t++) $temp[$t] = $w[$i-1][$t]; if ($i % $Nk == 0) { $temp = self::subWord(self::rotWord($temp)); for ($t=0; $t<4; $t++) $temp[$t] ^= self::$rCon[$i/$Nk][$t]; } else if ($Nk > 6 && $i%$Nk == 4) { $temp = self::subWord($temp); } for ($t=0; $t<4; $t++) $w[$i][$t] = $w[$i-$Nk][$t] ^ $temp[$t]; } return $w; } private static function subWord($w) { // apply SBox to 4-byte word w for ($i=0; $i<4; $i++) $w[$i] = self::$sBox[$w[$i]]; return $w; } private static function rotWord($w) { // rotate 4-byte word w left by one byte $tmp = $w[0]; for ($i=0; $i<3; $i++) $w[$i] = $w[$i+1]; $w[3] = $tmp; return $w; } // sBox is pre-computed multiplicative inverse in GF(2^8) used in subBytes and keyExpansion [§5.1.1] private static $sBox = array( 0x63,0x7c,0x77,0x7b,0xf2,0x6b,0x6f,0xc5,0x30,0x01,0x67,0x2b,0xfe,0xd7,0xab,0x76, 0xca,0x82,0xc9,0x7d,0xfa,0x59,0x47,0xf0,0xad,0xd4,0xa2,0xaf,0x9c,0xa4,0x72,0xc0, 0xb7,0xfd,0x93,0x26,0x36,0x3f,0xf7,0xcc,0x34,0xa5,0xe5,0xf1,0x71,0xd8,0x31,0x15, 0x04,0xc7,0x23,0xc3,0x18,0x96,0x05,0x9a,0x07,0x12,0x80,0xe2,0xeb,0x27,0xb2,0x75, 0x09,0x83,0x2c,0x1a,0x1b,0x6e,0x5a,0xa0,0x52,0x3b,0xd6,0xb3,0x29,0xe3,0x2f,0x84, 0x53,0xd1,0x00,0xed,0x20,0xfc,0xb1,0x5b,0x6a,0xcb,0xbe,0x39,0x4a,0x4c,0x58,0xcf, 0xd0,0xef,0xaa,0xfb,0x43,0x4d,0x33,0x85,0x45,0xf9,0x02,0x7f,0x50,0x3c,0x9f,0xa8, 0x51,0xa3,0x40,0x8f,0x92,0x9d,0x38,0xf5,0xbc,0xb6,0xda,0x21,0x10,0xff,0xf3,0xd2, 0xcd,0x0c,0x13,0xec,0x5f,0x97,0x44,0x17,0xc4,0xa7,0x7e,0x3d,0x64,0x5d,0x19,0x73, 0x60,0x81,0x4f,0xdc,0x22,0x2a,0x90,0x88,0x46,0xee,0xb8,0x14,0xde,0x5e,0x0b,0xdb, 0xe0,0x32,0x3a,0x0a,0x49,0x06,0x24,0x5c,0xc2,0xd3,0xac,0x62,0x91,0x95,0xe4,0x79, 0xe7,0xc8,0x37,0x6d,0x8d,0xd5,0x4e,0xa9,0x6c,0x56,0xf4,0xea,0x65,0x7a,0xae,0x08, 0xba,0x78,0x25,0x2e,0x1c,0xa6,0xb4,0xc6,0xe8,0xdd,0x74,0x1f,0x4b,0xbd,0x8b,0x8a, 0x70,0x3e,0xb5,0x66,0x48,0x03,0xf6,0x0e,0x61,0x35,0x57,0xb9,0x86,0xc1,0x1d,0x9e, 0xe1,0xf8,0x98,0x11,0x69,0xd9,0x8e,0x94,0x9b,0x1e,0x87,0xe9,0xce,0x55,0x28,0xdf, 0x8c,0xa1,0x89,0x0d,0xbf,0xe6,0x42,0x68,0x41,0x99,0x2d,0x0f,0xb0,0x54,0xbb,0x16); // rCon is Round Constant used for the Key Expansion [1st col is 2^(r-1) in GF(2^8)] [§5.2] private static $rCon = array( array(0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x02, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x04, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x20, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x1b, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00), array(0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00) ); } /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ ?> <?php /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ /* AES counter (CTR) mode implementation in PHP */ /* (c) Chris Veness 2005-2011 www.movable-type.co.uk/scripts */ /* Right of free use is granted for all commercial or non-commercial use providing this */ /* copyright notice is retainded. No warranty of any form is offered. */ /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ class AesCtr extends Aes { /** * Encrypt a text using AES encryption in Counter mode of operation * - see http://csrc.nist.gov/publications/nistpubs/800-38a/sp800-38a.pdf * * Unicode multi-byte character safe * * @param plaintext source text to be encrypted * @param password the password to use to generate a key * @param nBits number of bits to be used in the key (128, 192, or 256) * @return encrypted text */ public static function encrypt($plaintext, $password, $nBits) { $blockSize = 16; // block size fixed at 16 bytes / 128 bits (Nb=4) for AES if (!($nBits==128 || $nBits==192 || $nBits==256)) return ''; // standard allows 128/192/256 bit keys // note PHP (5) gives us plaintext and password in UTF8 encoding! // use AES itself to encrypt password to get cipher key (using plain password as source for // key expansion) - gives us well encrypted key $nBytes = $nBits/8; // no bytes in key $pwBytes = array(); for ($i=0; $i<$nBytes; $i++) $pwBytes[$i] = ord(substr($password,$i,1)) & 0xff; $key = Aes::cipher($pwBytes, Aes::keyExpansion($pwBytes)); $key = array_merge($key, array_slice($key, 0, $nBytes-16)); // expand key to 16/24/32 bytes long // initialise 1st 8 bytes of counter block with nonce (NIST SP800-38A §B.2): [0-1] = millisec, // [2-3] = random, [4-7] = seconds, giving guaranteed sub-ms uniqueness up to Feb 2106 $counterBlock = array(); $nonce = floor(microtime(true)*1000); // timestamp: milliseconds since 1-Jan-1970 $nonceMs = $nonce%1000; $nonceSec = floor($nonce/1000); $nonceRnd = floor(rand(0, 0xffff)); for ($i=0; $i<2; $i++) $counterBlock[$i] = self::urs($nonceMs, $i*8) & 0xff; for ($i=0; $i<2; $i++) $counterBlock[$i+2] = self::urs($nonceRnd, $i*8) & 0xff; for ($i=0; $i<4; $i++) $counterBlock[$i+4] = self::urs($nonceSec, $i*8) & 0xff; // and convert it to a string to go on the front of the ciphertext $ctrTxt = ''; for ($i=0; $i<8; $i++) $ctrTxt .= chr($counterBlock[$i]); // generate key schedule - an expansion of the key into distinct Key Rounds for each round $keySchedule = Aes::keyExpansion($key); //print_r($keySchedule); $blockCount = ceil(strlen($plaintext)/$blockSize); $ciphertxt = array(); // ciphertext as array of strings for ($b=0; $b<$blockCount; $b++) { // set counter (block #) in last 8 bytes of counter block (leaving nonce in 1st 8 bytes) // done in two stages for 32-bit ops: using two words allows us to go past 2^32 blocks (68GB) for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) $counterBlock[15-$c] = self::urs($b, $c*8) & 0xff; for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) $counterBlock[15-$c-4] = self::urs($b/0x100000000, $c*8); $cipherCntr = Aes::cipher($counterBlock, $keySchedule); // -- encrypt counter block -- // block size is reduced on final block $blockLength = $b<$blockCount-1 ? $blockSize : (strlen($plaintext)-1)%$blockSize+1; $cipherByte = array(); for ($i=0; $i<$blockLength; $i++) { // -- xor plaintext with ciphered counter byte-by-byte -- $cipherByte[$i] = $cipherCntr[$i] ^ ord(substr($plaintext, $b*$blockSize+$i, 1)); $cipherByte[$i] = chr($cipherByte[$i]); } $ciphertxt[$b] = implode('', $cipherByte); // escape troublesome characters in ciphertext } // implode is more efficient than repeated string concatenation $ciphertext = $ctrTxt . implode('', $ciphertxt); $ciphertext = base64_encode($ciphertext); return $ciphertext; } /** * Decrypt a text encrypted by AES in counter mode of operation * * @param ciphertext source text to be decrypted * @param password the password to use to generate a key * @param nBits number of bits to be used in the key (128, 192, or 256) * @return decrypted text */ public static function decrypt($ciphertext, $password, $nBits) { $blockSize = 16; // block size fixed at 16 bytes / 128 bits (Nb=4) for AES if (!($nBits==128 || $nBits==192 || $nBits==256)) return ''; // standard allows 128/192/256 bit keys //$ciphertext = AesCtr::hexToStr($ciphertext); $ciphertext = base64_decode($ciphertext); // use AES to encrypt password (mirroring encrypt routine) $nBytes = $nBits/8; // no bytes in key $pwBytes = array(); for ($i=0; $i<$nBytes; $i++) $pwBytes[$i] = ord(substr($password,$i,1)) & 0xff; $key = Aes::cipher($pwBytes, Aes::keyExpansion($pwBytes)); $key = array_merge($key, array_slice($key, 0, $nBytes-16)); // expand key to 16/24/32 bytes long // recover nonce from 1st element of ciphertext $counterBlock = array(); $ctrTxt = substr($ciphertext, 0, 8); for ($i=0; $i<8; $i++) $counterBlock[$i] = ord(substr($ctrTxt,$i,1)); // generate key schedule $keySchedule = Aes::keyExpansion($key); // separate ciphertext into blocks (skipping past initial 8 bytes) $nBlocks = ceil((strlen($ciphertext)-8) / $blockSize); $ct = array(); for ($b=0; $b<$nBlocks; $b++) $ct[$b] = substr($ciphertext, 8+$b*$blockSize, 16); $ciphertext = $ct; // ciphertext is now array of block-length strings // plaintext will get generated block-by-block into array of block-length strings $plaintxt = array(); for ($b=0; $b<$nBlocks; $b++) { // set counter (block #) in last 8 bytes of counter block (leaving nonce in 1st 8 bytes) for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) $counterBlock[15-$c] = self::urs($b, $c*8) & 0xff; for ($c=0; $c<4; $c++) $counterBlock[15-$c-4] = self::urs(($b+1)/0x100000000-1, $c*8) & 0xff; $cipherCntr = Aes::cipher($counterBlock, $keySchedule); // encrypt counter block $plaintxtByte = array(); for ($i=0; $i<strlen($ciphertext[$b]); $i++) { // -- xor plaintext with ciphered counter byte-by-byte -- $plaintxtByte[$i] = $cipherCntr[$i] ^ ord(substr($ciphertext[$b],$i,1)); $plaintxtByte[$i] = chr($plaintxtByte[$i]); } $plaintxt[$b] = implode('', $plaintxtByte); } // join array of blocks into single plaintext string $plaintext = implode('',$plaintxt); return $plaintext; } /* Decode Hexadecimal */ public static function hexToStr($hex) { $string=''; for ($i=0; $i < strlen($hex)-1; $i+=2) { $string .= chr(hexdec($hex[$i].$hex[$i+1])); } return $string; } /* * Unsigned right shift function, since PHP has neither >>> operator nor unsigned ints * * @param a number to be shifted (32-bit integer) * @param b number of bits to shift a to the right (0..31) * @return a right-shifted and zero-filled by b bits */ private static function urs($a, $b) { $a &= 0xffffffff; $b &= 0x1f; // (bounds check) if ($a&0x80000000 && $b>0) { // if left-most bit set $a = ($a>>1) & 0x7fffffff; // right-shift one bit & clear left-most bit $a = $a >> ($b-1); // remaining right-shifts } else { // otherwise $a = ($a>>$b); // use normal right-shift } return $a; } } /* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ ?> </code></pre> Sorry I should have mentioned this, this code works well on my computer, I get that error when I upload the project to a server, and the complete message is: <blockquote> Notice (8): Hex number is too big: 0x100000000 [CORE/vendors/AES/AES.php, line 230] Fatal error: Class declarations may not be nested in /var/www/html/myproject/cake/libs/log/file_log.php on line 30 </blockquote> So I don't know if the error is in the code above or not. UPDATE 2: file_log.php, where the fatal error occurs (here is a <a href="http://api13.cakephp.org/file/cake/libs/log/file_log.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">description of the file</a>) <pre><code><?php /** * File Storage stream for Logging * * PHP versions 4 and 5 * * CakePHP(tm) : Rapid Development Framework (http://cakephp.org) * Copyright 2005-2010, Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org) * * Licensed under The MIT License * Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice. * * @copyright Copyright 2005-2010, Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (http://cakefoundation.org) * @link http://www.cakefoundation.org/projects/info/cakephp CakePHP(tm) Project * @package cake * @subpackage cake.cake.libs.log * @since CakePHP(tm) v 1.3 * @license MIT License (http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php) */ if (!class_exists('File')) { require LIBS . 'file.php'; } /** * File Storage stream for Logging. Writes logs to different files * based on the type of log it is. * * @package cake * @subpackage cake.cake.libs.log */ class FileLog { /** * Path to save log files on. * * @var string */ var $_path = null; /** * Constructs a new File Logger. * * Options * * - `path` the path to save logs on. * * @param array $options Options for the FileLog, see above. * @return void */ function FileLog($options = array()) { $options += array('path' => LOGS); $this->_path = $options['path']; } /** * Implements writing to log files. * * @param string $type The type of log you are making. * @param string $message The message you want to log. * @return boolean success of write. */ function write($type, $message) { $debugTypes = array('notice', 'info', 'debug'); if ($type == 'error' || $type == 'warning') { $filename = $this->_path . 'error.log'; } elseif (in_array($type, $debugTypes)) { $filename = $this->_path . 'debug.log'; } else { $filename = $this->_path . $type . '.log'; } $output = date('Y-m-d H:i:s') . ' ' . ucfirst($type) . ': ' . $message . "\n"; $log = new File($filename, true); if ($log->writable()) { return $log->append($output); } } } </code></pre>
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PHP - Class declarations may not be nested
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