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PORetrieving a Request Token from the Twitter API with Python 3
 

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  1. PORetrieving a Request Token from the Twitter API with Python 3
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    <p>I am attempting to use Python 3 to interface with the Twitter API to return the link for a page that gives me a pin number to use to request access tokens. As detailed here: <a href="https://dev.twitter.com/docs/auth/pin-based-authorization" rel="nofollow">https://dev.twitter.com/docs/auth/pin-based-authorization</a></p> <p>Twitter's API responds to me telling me that I have not properly authorized my POST request by returning a 401. My best guess as to why is that I'm not encoding the HMAC signature in base64 correctly. Everything other part of the POST request I generate appears correct based on samples of correct POST requests I have looked at.</p> <p>I have spent several days working on this and I am hoping someone can help nudge me past the final part.</p> <p>Here are the most relevant parts of the Twitter API docs: <a href="https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1/post/oauth/request_token" rel="nofollow">https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1/post/oauth/request_token</a> </p> <p><a href="https://dev.twitter.com/docs/auth/authorizing-request" rel="nofollow">https://dev.twitter.com/docs/auth/authorizing-request</a></p> <p>This is the code I am using:</p> <pre><code>import urllib.parse, urllib.request, json from hashlib import sha1 import hmac import binascii import time import random import sys #Server Links REQUEST_URL = "https://api.twitter.com/oauth/request_token"; ACCESS_URL = "https://api.twitter.com/oauth/access_token"; AUTHORIZE_URL = "https://api.twitter.com/oauth/authorize"; #Consumer keys TOKEN = "Omitted" TOKEN_SECRET = "Omitted" #Access keys ACCESS_TOKEN = "" ACCESS_TOKEN_SECRET = "" TWEET = "" count = 1 while len(sys.argv) &gt; count: TWEET += sys.argv[count] + " " count += 1 TWEET = TWEET[:-1] #Get rid of trailing space print(TWEET + "\n") #Build content header for POST to return request tokens HEADER_TITLE = "Authorization:" #Consumer key HEADER = 'OAuth oauth_callback="oob" oauth_consumer_key="' + TOKEN + '", ' #Nonce HEADER += 'oauth_nonce="' NONCE = "" for i in range(32): NONCE += chr(random.randint(97, 122)) HEADER += NONCE HEADER += '", ' #Timestamp TIMESTAMP = str(int(time.time())) #Signature HEADER += 'oauth_signature="' PARAMETER_STRING = "include_entities=true&amp;oauth_consumer_key=" + TOKEN + "&amp;oauth_nonce=" + NONCE + "&amp;oauth_signature_method=HMAC-SHA1&amp;oauth_timestamp=" + TIMESTAMP + "&amp;oauth_version=1.0" BASE_STRING = 'POST&amp;' + urllib.parse.quote(REQUEST_URL, '') + '&amp;' + urllib.parse.quote(PARAMETER_STRING, '') SIGNING_KEY = urllib.parse.quote(TOKEN_SECRET, '') + '&amp;' print("DEBUG : SIGNING KEY " + SIGNING_KEY + " BASE STRING " + BASE_STRING + "\n") HEADER += str(binascii.b2a_base64(hmac.new(BASE_STRING.encode(), SIGNING_KEY.encode(), sha1).digest()[:-1]))#Note to self, we may not want to remove the last character... HEADER += '", ' #Signature Method HEADER += 'oauth_signature_method="HMAC-SHA1", ' #Timestamp HEADER += 'oauth_timestamp="' + TIMESTAMP + '", ' #Version HEADER += 'oauth_version="1.0"' print(HEADER_TITLE + "\n" + HEADER) print(urllib.request.urlopen(urllib.request.Request(REQUEST_URL, bytes(HEADER_TITLE+HEADER, 'utf-8'))).read()) </code></pre> <p>Finally, I would like to note that I am aware of the existence of Python OAuth and Twitter modules which aid in development for this. However, as a learning experience, I am choosing not to use them.</p> <p>Thank you very much in advance for your time and assistance.</p>
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