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copied!<p>The first thing I would do is construct a model of the system to map the data flow and try to understand precisely where the bottleneck lies. If you can model your system as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pipeline_(software)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">pipeline</a>, then you should be able to use the theory of constraints (most of the literature is about optimising business processes but it applies equally to software) to continuously improve performance and eliminate the bottleneck.</p> <p>Next I would collect some hard empirical data that accurately characterises the performance of your system. It is something of a cliché that you cannot manage what you cannot measure, but I have seen many people attempt to optimise a software system based on hunches and fail miserably.</p> <p>Then I would use the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_principle" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Pareto Principle (80/20 rule)</a> to choose the small number of things that will produce the biggest gains and focus only on those.</p> <p>To scale a Java application horizontally, I have used <a href="http://www.oracle.com/technology/products/coherence/index.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Oracle Coherence</a> extensively. Although some dismiss it as a very expensive <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distributed_hash_table" rel="nofollow noreferrer">distributed hashtable</a>, the functionality is much richer than that and you can, for example, directly access data in the cache from <a href="http://coherence.oracle.com/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=1343579" rel="nofollow noreferrer">C++ code</a> .</p> <p>Other alternatives for horizontally scaling your Java code would be <a href="http://www.gigaspaces.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Giga Spaces</a>, <a href="http://www.infoq.com/news/IBM-ObjectGrid-Cache" rel="nofollow noreferrer">IBM Object Grid</a> or <a href="http://www.gemstone.com/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">Gemstone Gemfire</a>.</p> <p>If your C++ code is stateless and is used purely for number crunching, you could look at distributing the process using <a href="http://www.zeroc.com/icegrid/index.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ICE Grid</a> which has bindings for all of the languages you are using.</p>

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