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copied!<p>You can actually use the others' suggestions. By encapsulating the access in a method or even using ConcurrentDictionary.</p> <p>But for me, <strong>I would have a custom dictionary</strong> so you can actually implement what <code>myDict["entry"]</code> does if it did not see an element.</p> <p><em>Good thing with this is you have full control on how you would like this dictionary to behave.</em></p> <pre><code>class MyCustomDictionary<TKey, TValue> : IDictionary<TKey, TValue> where TValue : class, new() { private Dictionary<TKey, TValue> _dictionary; public MyCustomDictionary() { _dictionary = new Dictionary<TKey, TValue>(); } public TValue this[TKey key] // this is what's important { get { TValue val; if (!_dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out val)) // if there is no element for that key, add a new element and return it { _dictionary.Add(key, new TValue()); return _dictionary[key]; } else // else return the found element { return val; } } set { _dictionary[key] = value; } } public void Add(TKey key, TValue value) { _dictionary.Add(key, value); } public bool ContainsKey(TKey key) { return _dictionary.ContainsKey(key); } public ICollection<TKey> Keys { get { return _dictionary.Keys; } } public bool Remove(TKey key) { return _dictionary.Remove(key); } public bool TryGetValue(TKey key, out TValue value) { return _dictionary.TryGetValue(key, out value); } public ICollection<TValue> Values { get { return _dictionary.Values; } } public void Add(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item) { _dictionary.Add(item.Key, item.Value); } public void Clear() { _dictionary.Clear(); } public bool Contains(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item) { return _dictionary.Contains(item); } public void CopyTo(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>[] array, int arrayIndex) { _dictionary.ToList().CopyTo(array, arrayIndex); // do you need this? you can leave this :) } public int Count { get { return _dictionary.Count; } } public bool IsReadOnly { get { return false; } } public bool Remove(KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue> item) { return _dictionary.Remove(item.Key); } public IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<TKey, TValue>> GetEnumerator() { return _dictionary.GetEnumerator(); } System.Collections.IEnumerator System.Collections.IEnumerable.GetEnumerator() { return _dictionary.GetEnumerator(); } } </code></pre> <p>Then you use it like:</p> <pre><code>MyCustomDictionary<string, List<int>> myCustomDict = new MyCustomDictionary<int, List<int>>(); // return a new List of int var someElementThatIsNotFound = myCustomDict["keyThatIsNonExistent"]; </code></pre>

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