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PO@Autowired - No qualifying bean of type found for dependency
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copied!<p>I've started my project by creating entities, services and JUnit tests for services using Spring and Hibernate. All of this works great. Then I've added spring-mvc to make this web application using many different step-by-step tutorials, but when I'm trying to make Controller with @Autowired annotation, I'm getting errors from Glassfish during deployment. I guess that for some reason Spring doesn't see my services, but after many attempts I still can't handle it.</p> <p>Tests for services with </p> <pre><code>@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:/beans.xml"}) </code></pre> <p>and</p> <pre><code>@Autowired MailManager mailManager; </code></pre> <p>works properly.</p> <p>Controllers without @Autowired too, I can open my project in web browser without trouble.</p> <p>/src/main/resources/beans.xml</p> <pre><code><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/orm_2_0.xsd"> <context:property-placeholder location="jdbc.properties" /> <context:component-scan base-package="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail"> <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan>  <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> </bean>  <bean id="persistenceUnitManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.persistenceunit.DefaultPersistenceUnitManager"> <property name="defaultDataSource" ref="dataSource"/> </bean>  <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean"> <property name="persistenceUnitManager" ref="persistenceUnitManager"/> <property name="persistenceUnitName" value="WebMailPU"/> </bean>  <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  <property name="packagesToScan" value="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.domain" /> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> </props> </property> </bean>  <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/> </bean>  <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/> </beans> </code></pre> <p>/webapp/WEB-INF/web.xml</p> <pre><code><web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <display-name>Spring Web MVC Application</display-name> <servlet> <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value> </context-param> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> </web-app> </code></pre> <p>/webapp/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</p> <pre><code><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="pl.com.radzikowski.webmail" use-default-filters="false"> <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" /> </context:component-scan> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /> </bean> </beans> </code></pre> <p>pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.AbstractManager</p> <pre><code>package pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service; import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; /** * Master Manager class providing basic fields for services. * @author Maciej Radzikowski <maciej@radzikowski.com.pl> */ public class AbstractManager { @Autowired protected SessionFactory sessionFactory; protected final Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(this.getClass()); } </code></pre> <p>pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager</p> <pre><code>package pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; @Component @Transactional public class MailManager extends AbstractManager { // some methods... } </code></pre> <p>pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.HomeController</p> <pre><code>package pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod; import pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager; @Controller @RequestMapping("/") public class HomeController { @Autowired public MailManager mailManager; @RequestMapping(value = "/", method = RequestMethod.GET) public String homepage(ModelMap model) { return "homepage"; } } </code></pre> <p>Error:</p> <pre><code>SEVERE: Exception while loading the app SEVERE: Undeployment failed for context /WebMail SEVERE: Exception while loading the app : java.lang.IllegalStateException: ContainerBase.addChild: start: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'homeController': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: public pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.controller.HomeController.mailManager; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.MailManager] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} </code></pre> <p>Sorry for a lot of code, but I don't know what can cause that error anymore.</p> <p><strong>Added</strong></p> <p>I've created the interface:</p> <pre><code>@Component public interface IMailManager { </code></pre> <p>added implements:</p> <pre><code>@Component @Transactional public class MailManager extends AbstractManager implements IMailManager { </code></pre> <p>and changed autowired:</p> <pre><code>@Autowired public IMailManager mailManager; </code></pre> <p>But it still throws errors (also when I've tried with @Qualifier)</p> <blockquote> <p>..Could not autowire field: public pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.service.IMailManager pl.com.radzikowski.webmail.controller.HomeController.mailManager...</p> </blockquote> <p>I've tried with different combinations of @Component and @Transactional too.</p> <p>Shouldn't I include beans.xml in web.xml somehow?</p>

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