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copied!<p>Attributes or variables are often "base" types of a language. The question is what you can sensibly abstract.</p> <p>For example, you can reduce a <code>Wheel</code> to descriptors made up of base types like integers, floating-point values and strings, which represent characteristic attributes of any wheel: <code>numberOfTreads</code>, <code>diameter</code>, <code>width</code>, <code>recommendedPressure</code>, <code>brand</code>. Those attributes can all be expressed with base types to make a <code>Wheel</code> object.</p> <p>Can you group some of those attributes into a more abstract arrangement that you can reuse, independent of a <code>Wheel</code>? I think so. Perhaps create a <code>Dimensions</code> object with the attributes <code>diameter</code> and <code>width</code>. Then your <code>Wheel</code> has a <code>Dimensions</code> object instance associated with it, instead of <code>diameter</code> and <code>width</code>. But you could think about using that <code>Dimensions</code> object with other objects, which may not necessarily be <code>Wheel</code> instances.</p> <p>Going up the list, you can reduce a <code>Car</code> to be made up of base types, but also other objects, such as <code>Wheel</code> objects. It is sensible to do so, because other motor and non-motor vehicles (such as a <code>Bicycle</code>) also contain <code>Wheel</code> instances.</p> <p>Abstracting <code>Wheel</code> and <code>Dimensions</code> lets you re-use these object types in different contexts you may not initially consider. It makes your life a little easier because you have less code to rewrite, in theory.</p> <p>If you can create a hierarchy of objects, to the point where the deepest, lowest-level object is only made up of a few base types, that is probably a good place to start. </p>

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