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copied!<p><strong>Local Branch:</strong></p> <p>A branch on your machine that you can work in and add commits to. You can list these branches with <code>git branch</code>.</p> <p><strong>Local Branch (With Tracking):</strong></p> <p>An ordinary local branch configured to correspond to a remote branch. This has benfits like the ability to <code>git pull</code> and <code>git push</code> without having to specify the repository and branch name. Tracking also causes <code>git status</code> to inform you when your branch is ahead or behind the remote.</p> <p><strong>Remote Branch:</strong></p> <p>Simply a branch on a remote repository—typically on a server such as GitHub etc.</p> <p><strong>Remote Tracking Branch:</strong></p> <p>A local copy of a remote branch. This branch should never be edited. Its purpose is to keep track of the current state of a remote branch. Remote tracking branches can be viewed with <code>git branch -r</code> and typically look something like <code>origin/master</code> (repo name followed by a slash followed by the branch name). Running <code>git fetch</code> will update the remote tracking branches to reflect the state of the corresponding remote branches.</p> <p><code>git branch -avv</code> is my personal favorite for displaying a quick overview of which branches are on my machine, which branches are on the remote, and the latest commit in each. The <code>-a</code> part specifies that all branches should be shown (remote and local). The <code>v</code>'s on the end stand for verbose (it shows the last commit hash and message). Thanks to @Flimm for pointing out that the second <code>v</code> adds info about which local branch is tracking which remote.</p>

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