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copied!<p>If I understand your question correct you only want to get the innermost elements that have an attribute <code>ResultCode="ERROR"</code>. For your sample data <code><PRODUCT></code> should not be in the result since it has a child element with <code>ResultCode="ERROR"</code>.</p> <p>The <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/library/vstudio/bb346432.aspx" rel="nofollow"><code>Descendants</code></a> method returns all descendant elements in the document. Filtering by the attribute solely would therefore include the <code><PRODUCT></code>node. So you need to add a check for the children of each element:</p> <pre><code>var doc = XDocument.Load("Test.xml"); var errors = doc.Descendants() .Where(e => e.Attribute("ResultCode") != null && e.Attribute("ResultCode").Value == "ERROR" && !e.Elements().Any(c => c.Attribute("ResultCode") != null && c.Attribute("ResultCode").Value == "ERROR")); </code></pre> <p>This will return only those elements that do not have any children with an error.</p> <p>Please note that the check for null can be omitted if each node in your XML has a <code>ResultCode</code> attribute. If not you would otherwise get a <code>NullReferenceException</code>. I would suggest to write a little helper method for that check:</p> <pre><code>public static bool HasError(XElement element) { var resultCode = element.Attribute("ResultCode"); return resultCode != null && resultCode.Value == "ERROR"; } var errors = doc.Descendants() .Where(e => HasError(e) && !e.Elements().Any(c => HasError(c))); </code></pre> <p>Please also note that this will return elements that have <code>ResultCode="ERROR"</code> even if their parents don't have an error.</p> <p>If your requirements are that an element should only be included in the result if its parent also has an error and if you are not sure that the XML will always be formed like that you will need to write a recursive function:</p> <pre><code>public static IEnumerable<XElement> InnermostErrors(XElement root) { var resultCode = root.Attribute("ResultCode"); if (resultCode == null || resultCode.Value != "ERROR") { yield break; } var childrenWithError = root.Elements().Where(e => HasError(e)); if (!childrenWithError.Any()) { yield return root; } foreach (var inner in childrenWithError.SelectMany(e => InnermostErrors(e))) { yield return inner; } } </code></pre>

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