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copied!<p><a href="http://docs.python.org/library/os.html#os.listdir" rel="nofollow noreferrer">os.listdir</a> on a directory, in all case-preserving filesystems (including those on Windows), returns the actual case for the filenames in the directory you're listing.</p> <p>So you need to do this check at each level of the path:</p> <pre><code>def onelevelok(parent, thislevel): for fn in os.listdir(parent): if fn.lower() == thislevel.lower(): return fn == thislevel raise ValueError('No %r in dir %r!' % ( thislevel, parent)) </code></pre> <p>where I'm assuming that the complete absence of any case variation of a name is a different kind of error, and using an exception for that; and, for the whole path (assuming no drive letters or UNC that wouldn't translate to Windows anyway):</p> <pre><code>def allpathok(path): levels = os.path.split(path) if os.path.isabs(path): top = ['/'] else: top = ['.'] return all(onelevelok(p, t) for p, t in zip(top+levels, levels)) </code></pre> <p>You may need to adapt this if , e.g., <code>foo/bar</code> is not to be taken to mean that <code>foo</code> is in the current directory, but somewhere else; or, of course, if UNC or drive letters are in fact needed (but as I mentioned translating them to Linux is not trivial anyway;-).</p> <p>Implementation notes: I'm taking advantage of the fact that <code>zip</code> just drop "extra entries" beyond the length of the shortest of the sequences it's zipping; so I don't need to explicitly slice off the "leaf" (last entry) from <code>levels</code> in the first argument, <code>zip</code> does it for me. <code>all</code> will short circuit where it can, returning <code>False</code> as soon as it detects a false value, so it's just as good as an explicit loop but faster and more concise.</p>

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